Western flower thrips

vegetable and ornamental crops in greenhouses, and on various weeds. It is an especially significant pest in cucumber, sweet pepper, eggplants, and many ornamental [...] prepupa, pupa, and finally the adult insect. The eggs of the western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) are laid in leaves, flower petals and in the soft [...] prepupal and pupal instars can be recognized by their developing wing buds. Compared to the prepupa, the pupa has longer, more developed wing buds and longer

Cottony cushion scale

spp ., Casuarina spp . and Pittosporum spp ., but it can damage many types of fruit and forest trees, and ornamental shrubs and trees. Damage is mostly [...] red-brown body colour and covering of granular, white wax. The legs, antennae and body hairs are conspicuously black. The nymphs and adult females produce [...] crawlers settle along the midribs and veins of the leaves. The next two instars migrate to the larger twigs and branches and eventually moult into the adult

Asian citrus psyllid

young stems and on leaves of all developmental stages. Nymphs feed on young leaves and stems, continuously secreting copious amounts of honeydew and a thread-like [...] distributed in southern Asia and the disease is responsible for the destruction of several citrus industries in Asia and Africa. In North America, it has [...] huanglongbing (HLB). Nymphs and adults of the psyllid take the bacteria into their bodies by feeding on bacteria-infected plants and then disease is spread

Cutworms

black cutworm Agrotis ipsilon and the turnip moth Agrotis segetum . The larvae of these moths usually feed on roots and plant parts close to the ground [...] seedlings. Third to seventh instars become negatively phototaxic and feed mostly at night and hide in the ground during the day. Damage from these instars [...] because of partial cutting. A larva often cuts one plant and quickly moves on to other plants and continues cutting. Therefore, relatively small populations

Rose aphid

s with rose aphids retard the growth of buds and new shoots. Foliage and flowers are often disfigured and contaminated with sticky honeydew on which black [...] develop. Life cycle and appearance of Rose aphid Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in [...] 1.7-3.6 mm long and green or deep pink to red-brown. The antennae and sometimes the head is dark in colour. The siphunculi are black and bent outwards.

Woolly apple aphid

sticky masses of “wool” may contaminate leaves and fruits and can be a nuisance at harvest time. Life cycle and appearance of Woolly apple aphid In contrast [...] origin and has been distributed to other parts of the world mainly via infested apple rootstocks. It can occasionally also be found in pear, quince and a few [...] other aphids , the life cycle and survival from year to year of the woolly aphid depends entirely on wingless, parthenogenetic and viviparous forms. Sometimes

Oleander aphid

Apocynaceae and Asclepiadaceae. It is commonly found feeding on oleander and milkweeds ( Asclepias sp.). The oleander aphid is cosmopolitan, and can be found [...] Life cycle and appearance of Oleander aphid The oleander aphid is an obligate parthenogenetic species; thus the adult aphids are all female and males do [...] (alata) are yellow and black with dark wing veins while the wingless forms (apterae) are yellow with black cornicles, antennae, legs, and cauda (tip of abdomen)

Corn earworm

aubergine, pepper, and tomato. They primarily feed on flowers and fruit from the host plant, as well as on the corn of immature cobs and ears. Adults of corn [...] quantities of eggs, between one and three, in the hairs of green ears of corn. The larvae feed on the hairs of the young corn and on the young kernels at the [...] corn. In other crops, they prefer flower buds and soft fruit. They cause visible damage through feeding, and some larvae can also be seen on the surface

Tomato leafminer

including potato, eggplant, capsicum pepper and tobacco as well as weeds such as Datura stramonium, Lycium chilense , and Solanum nigrum. Damage symptoms The most [...] the leaves. Caterpillars prefer leaves and stems, but they may also occur underneath the crown of the fruit and even inside the fruit itself. On leaves [...] not build cocoons. Pupae have a greenish coloration at first, and then turn chestnut and dark brown shortly before adult emergence. Adult moths of the

Codling moth

mm long, initially whitish and later pale pinkish white, with a brown head and a pale anal plate. The pupa is 8-10 mm long and yellowish brown to dark brown [...] pomonella ) is a notorious, worldwide pest of apple and also occasionally of pear, quince, peach and other fruits. It is very common in Europe. Damage symptoms [...] the skin. The entry hole can be seen and is usually plugged by dry frass. The larva then burrows towards the core and eats a large proportion of the flesh