• Early blight

  January 1, 1970

  General The only known stage in all Alternaria species is the asexual stage. Conidia and mycelium overwinter in the soil and on crop residues and cause primary infection of the leaves. Survival can be

• Loose smut of wheat

  January 1, 1970

  General Ustilago nuda f.sp. tritici is a basidiomyceteous fungus that affects wheat. It is also known as loose wheat smut, or loose smut of wheat. Damage symptoms Infection by Ustilago nuda f.sp. trit

• Apple scab

  January 1, 1970

  General Venturia inaequalis is an ascomycete fungus that causes apple scab disease Damage symptoms Venturia inaequalis causes apple scab disease, which at first presents itself as lesions on blossoms,

• Dwarf bunt

  January 1, 1970

  General Tilletia controversa is a plant pathogen. It is a fungus known to cause the smut disease TCK smut in soft white and hard red winter wheats, as well as dwarf bunt. Damage symptoms Tilletia cont

• Loose smut of barley

  January 1, 1970

  General Ustilago nuda f.sp. hordei affects barley and can destroy a large proportion of the crop. It is also known as barley smut, or loose smut of barley. Damage symptoms Infection by Ustilago nuda f

• Wheat bunt

  January 1, 1970

  General Tilletia tritici and Tilletia laevis only differ in one gene and easily hybridize. There is debate whether they should indeed be considered separate species, since they cause the exact same sy

• Leaf stripe

  January 1, 1970

  General Pyrenophora graminea is a disease of Barley that causes significant yield losses. Damage symptoms Symptoms first occur on the first, second and third leaf and subsequently on other leaves. Yel

• Black root rot of cucurbits

  January 1, 1970

  General Phomopsis sclerotioides is a plant pathogen infecting cucurbits, causing black root rot of cucurbits. Damage symptoms Phomopsis sclerotioides causes grey-black spots with a dark demarcation li

• Root and crown rot of strawberry

  January 1, 1970

  General New diseases in strawberry have been ascribed to Pestalotiopsis clavispora in the case of root and crown rot (of strawberry), first found in The Netherlands, and Pestalotiopsis longisetula in

• Charcoal rot

  January 1, 1970

  General Macrophomina phaseolina is a common soil fungus in warmer regions, causing charcoal rot. It has a very wide range of host crops, many of which are economically important food crops. Damage sym