Spotted Wing Drosophila

spread extensively in North and South America and Europe where it has caused severe yield losses in many berry crops, cherries and grapes. Damage symptoms [...] blueberries, strawberries) and stone fruits (e.g. cherries, plums) being particularly susceptible to infestation. Life cycle and appearance of Spotted wing [...] used to penetrate the skin of the host fruit and for laying the egg into the fruit. Eggs are white, 0.6 long and 0.2 mm wide. Each egg has two respiratory

Citrus mealybug

distribution and many and diverse host plants. In temperate regions of the world this mealybug poses a problem in greenhouse horticulture, and in the tropics [...] croton and kalanchoë, but also in roses and gerbera. Additionally, the citrus mealybug ( Planococcus citri ) can also appear in cucumber, melon and aubergine [...] the crop in various ways: Nymphs and females extract the sap from the plant, stunting growth and causing deformation and / or yellowing of leaves, sometimes

American serpentine leaf miner

premature leaf-fall and cosmetic damage. In tropical and subtropical areas this can lead to burning in fruit such as tomato and melon. Loss of leaves [...] highly polyphagous and thus lives on many host plants such as chrysanthemum, gerbera, gypsophila, celery, sweet pepper, pea, bean and potato. In greenhouses [...] gerbera and chrysanthemum. Today the insect is widespread across the whole world. Damage symptoms Leaf miners cause damage to plants both directly and indirectly

Tomato leaf miner

bryoniae) has many host plants and has caused crop damage in many parts of the world, including North Africa, Europe and northern Asia. In warmer regions [...] pepper, lettuce, melon, chrysanthemum and gerbera. Damage symptoms Leaf miners cause damage to plants both directly and indirectly. The most direct damage [...] desiccation, premature leaf-fall and cosmetic damage. In (sub-)tropical areas this can lead to burning in fruit such as tomato and melon. Loss of leaves also

Beet armyworm

during the day and is active only at night. The forewings are grey-brown suffused with a dark brown or black. The head and thorax are brown and the abdomen [...] black. The colour and pattern of the caterpillars is highly variable and depends partly on the host plant, the stage of development and the climate. A full-grown [...] ornamental plants such as chrysanthemum, gerbera, roses and potted plants. In both the greenhouse and the field, it is a major pest of sweet pepper. Damage

Cotton bollworm

stop growing, mature rapidly, and drop off. In legumes, flowers are attacked, and seed pods may be pierced. Life cycle and appearance of Cotton bollworm [...] long. The first instars are the most mobile, and move like loopers. The caterpillars are often aggressive and cannibalistic. Pupation occurs in the soil [...] mm in length and have a wingspan of about 40 mm. The grey-green males are smaller. The forewings are edged with a line of black spots, and the hindwings

Red palm weevil

tissues mainly at the base of living fronds. Larvae are present and feed in the softest and most humid living tissues (growth areas) with a low to moderate [...] head extends with a long thin rostrum that holds the antennae and tiny mandibles. The size and colour of adult weevils greatly varies. Most individuals in [...] weevil of Europe and North Africa. Their colour ranges from entirely orange-red to all black with all intermediates, depending on the number and size of black

Potato aphid

Various vegetable and ornamental crops grown in greenhouses are colonized, including tomato, aubergine and roses. Damage symptoms Nymphs and adults extract [...] making the crop and its fruit sticky. Black fungal moulds ( Cladosporium spp.) grow on this honeydew, contaminating fruit and ornamental crops and rendering [...] production. Life cycle and appearance of Potato aphid Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in

Glasshouse potato aphid

potato aphid Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour. When reproduction is asexual, the [...] squat, of medium size (1.8 - 3.0 mm long) and oval in shape. It has a light yellow-green to brown-green colour, and has an overall shiny appearance. Antennae [...] anholocyclic (no eggs are laid) and holocyclic (winter eggs are produced) lifecycles. There is no alternation of hosts, and the two types of life cycles occur

Cotton aphid

making the crop and its fruit sticky. Black fungal moulds ( Cladosporium spp.) grow on this honeydew, contaminating fruit and ornamental crops and rendering [...] production. Life cycle and appearance of Cotton aphid Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in [...] coffee, cocoa, eggplant, cucumber, melon, pepper and many ornamental plants such as chrysanthemum and kalanchoe. The cotton aphid ( Aphis gossypii ) is