Apple collar rot

plant. Life cycle and appearance of Apple collar rot Phytophthora species are very destructive organisms belonging to the Oomycetes and are therefore strictly [...] between 15 and 23 °C and higher water content than is optimal for crop growth. Phytophthora overwinters in roots, infected tubers and bulbs or in the soil [...] For germination on above-ground plant parts, leaf wetness is required. Dispersal by wind and rain causes the pathogen to be returned to the soil from infected

Citripar

pen or sharp tool to make a hole in the sticker on the lid. Use the label to hang the tube in the crop following the instructions on the label itself. [...] of Citripar depends on climate, crop and mealybug density and should always be adjusted to the particular situation. Start introduction preventively or as [...] mealybugs , particularly the second and third larval and adult stage of female citrus mealybugs ( Planococcus citri ) and vine mealybugs ( Planococcus ficus

Western flower thrips

pupate in the ground, although pupae can also be found on leaves, in flowers or in other sheltered places. The prepupal and pupal instars can be recognized [...] vegetable and ornamental crops in greenhouses, and on various weeds. It is an especially significant pest in cucumber, sweet pepper, eggplants, and many ornamental [...] pupa, and finally the adult insect. The eggs of the western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) are laid in leaves, flower petals and in the soft

Blight of pepper

leaves and fruits. Several Phytophthora species cause root- and crown rot in potted plants. The small roots die and brown-black lesions occur on the larger [...] For germination on above-ground plant parts, leaf wetness is required. Dispersal is by wind and rain causes the pathogen to be returned to the soil from [...] wilt and the crown leaves drop off. Life cycle and appearance of Blight of pepper Phytophthora species are very destructive organisms belonging to the Oomycetes

Woolly apple aphid

covering) on apple trees sheltering in cracks and under loose bark. The nymphs become active in late March or April (in the northern hemisphere) and around [...] aphids are produced in summer. Winged egg-laying females are produced in early autumn but their eggs do not develop. Contrary to the situation in America [...] origin and has been distributed to other parts of the world mainly via infested apple rootstocks. It can occasionally also be found in pear, quince and a few

Cottony soft rot

may occur on stems but also on leaves, fruits and pods. Root infection often leads to premature wilting and death of plants. Life cycle and appearance [...] overwinters as sclerotia and mycelium in dead and living plant material in or on the ground. Sclerotia germinate at temperatures between 4 and 26 °C with an optimum [...] its name cottony soft rot. In the mycelium, big, dark sclerotia are formed. They can easily be seen with the naked eye and look like rat droppings. The

Bacterial wilt, brown rot

which makes it more dangerous in temperate regions. It survives well in water and in many different soil types and on alternative hosts like weeds. It [...] soil-borne disease and colonises the xylem, causing bacterial wilt and brown rot in a very wide range of potential host plants. Damage symptoms In potato, field [...] cycle and appearance of Bacterial wilt, brown rot Ralstonia solanacearum is a quarantine organism in Europe and considered a bioterrorist organism in the

Root rot of carrot

irregular spots on the leaves that vary in colour from grey to almost black. The spots appear to be sharply defined, but under a magnifying glass it appears [...] features hence is not easy to place it at the generic level. Årsvoll was the first to identify and describe the fungus in Norway, in 1965. An infection can [...] diameter that extend only to 2 mm in the root, up to 20-25 per carrot root. They occur haphazardly. The fungus sporulates on root, leaf, and petiole lesions.

Aphipar

days Dosage The dosage of Aphipar depends on climate, crop and aphid density and should always be adjusted to the particular situation. Start introduction [...] effective between 20 and 25°C (68 and 77°F). Effectivity is reduced at temperatures above 30°C/86°F. Combined use Can be used in combination with other [...] chips. Application Spread the material on rock wool slabs or in Diboxes Make sure the material remains dry and is not moved from its introduction site

Diamond back moth

singly or in small groups of two or ten eggs on both the upper and lower surface of leaves, preferentially in depressions, and rarely on stems or petioles [...] the bud. In cauliflower and broccoli, pupation may occur in the florets. Initially, the pupa is pinkish-white to pinkish-yellow and changes to brown before [...] suggested to have its origin in Europe, South Africa or East Asia, but is now present wherever its cruciferous hosts exist and it is considered to be the most