Rose aphid

presence in the crop. Wingless females of the rose aphid are 1.7-3.6 mm long and green or deep pink to red-brown. The antennae and sometimes the head is [...] is dark in colour. The siphunculi are black and bent outwards. The rose aphid usually overwinters on rose bushes in the egg stage, although in mild winter [...] aphids retard the growth of buds and new shoots. Foliage and flowers are often disfigured and contaminated with sticky honeydew on which black sooty moulds

Melon

belonging to the family of Cucurbitaceae . The melon plant produces a usually sweet and edible, fleshy fruit. The term "melon" is used for the plant, but [...] but also to identify the fruit. Botanically speaking, the melon (the fruit) is actually a berry, or more specifically even, a "pepo". Nowadays many different [...] different cultivars are being produced on a commercial scale, especially muskmelons. The most common species of melon are: Watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus var

Pear

Asia. The pear tree belongs to the family of Rosaceae and sub family of Pomoideae , together with the apple and quince. The genus Pyrus consists of around [...] around 22 species, which are grown in Asia, Europe and northern Africa. The European or common pear is a perennial, deciduous tree and cultivated for its fruit [...] About The so-called European pear or common pear ( Pyrus communis ) is a pear species that originates in central and eastern Europe and southwest Asia

Caterpillars

damage to crops. The most harmful caterpillars that occur in greenhouses belong to the Noctuidae (the noctuid or owl moths), which is the largest of all [...] greenhouse crops is the leafroller family, the Tortricidae. The name ‘leafroller’ refers to the fact that the caterpillars often live in rolled-up leaves [...] butterflies do not damage crops. Most of them feed on nectar. In contrast, the caterpillars have biting and chewing mouthparts and can devour large amounts of

Tea

throughout the year. Tea plantation is shade loving plant and grows vigorously under the shade trees. The original species, which produces tea, were C [...] North-eastern and Southern states. Tea is native of China. Tea bush is sub-tropical and tropical plant grows well in hot and humid climate. The ideal temperature [...] belongs to the genus Camellia and family Camelliaceae. Tea plant is an economically important plantation crop extensively cultivated in the hills of N

Tomato

About The tomato plant ( Solanum lycopersicum) belongs to the nightshade family of Solanaceae . The tomato is the edible fruit of this plant. The plant [...] (like in a greenhouse) the stem often extends over the ground. Indeterminate tomato types are so-called ‘tender’ or ‘half-hardy’ perennials. The plants [...] temperate climates around the world. Greenhouses make year round production and cultivation in cooler regions feasible.

Charcoal rot

Cutting the roots may show the same discolouration of the internal tissues of the main roots. In most crops, necrotic lesions on the roots are the first [...] dropping of leaves and collapse of the entire plant. Life cycle and appearance of Charcoal rot The fungus survives in the soil and on crop residues as [...] hours the fungus infects the roots of the host by direct penetration via germ tubes. During the next two days, necrotic spots occur on the roots and the

Angular leaf spot

overwinters in plants and dead leaves, that become the primary source of infection in the spring. The bacteria are also introduced in a crop in new transplants [...] visible on the upper side of the leaf as irregular spots which are first reddish brown and then become necrotic. The foliar symptoms are the most important [...] desiccation and can survive well in dry leaves or leaves in the soil, but not independantly in the soil. Under humid conditions, bacteria ooze from the lesions

Thrips

on leaves and the black dots of their excreta indicate their presence in the crop. At a later stage, the empty cells become desiccated and the adjacent [...] are among the most challenging pests in greenhouse and field crops. Their feeding and virus transmission cause leaf deformation, silvering and fruit damage [...] cause damage to the plant by piercing the cells of the surface tissue and sucking out their contents, causing the surrounding tissue to die. The resulting

Bacterial canker of tomato

brown centre. In potato, the disease usually only occurs in the second half of the season. The first symptoms are wilting of the lower leaves and subsequent [...] to eradicate the infection. In tomato, growers must either destroy the infected crop entirely or, if the crop is old, only the plants in the infected area [...] stems, leaves and fruits. Leaves and shoots wilt. On the lower leaves, blister-like white lesions occur, which later turn brown and may merge. The leaves wilt