Aphids
no genetic recombination, different characteristics, such as colour forms, or resistance to pesticides, remain unchanged and unsorted. The young aphids [...] and lay eggs that overwinter. The summer host plants are either herbaceous or woody, while the winter host plants are hardy, woody perennials. Aphids that [...] a result, the plant’s growth is retarded, giving rise to deformed leaves, or even, if the infestation occurs early enough in the season, the death of young