Tea spider mite

causes damage to the tea plant which sucks the sap of leaves and occasionally on petioles. Red spider mite attacks the upper surface of the mature leaves. [...] cycle. The blood red colour eggs are laid all along the veins and mid-rib on upper surface of the leaves. Freshly hatched larva is yellow orange and the

Pollination checklist tomato

pollinated before it closes. Depending on the conditions, a flower will remain open for one to three days. To check on pollination, collect about 20 closed [...] vibrate. This is known as buzz pollination. The imprints of the bumblebee's jaw on the flower (bite marks) turn brown within one to four hours and make it possible [...] extreme growth, extreme climate conditions and the influence of chemicals on the plants or flowers. Bumblebees maintain a constant temperature in the hive

Caterpillars

control of caterpillars Caterpillars are highly destructive pests that feed on leaves, stems and fruits, causing serious damage to greenhouse and field crops [...] brownish are greyish. Adult butterflies do not damage crops. Most of them feed on nectar. In contrast, the caterpillars have biting and chewing mouthparts and [...] damage Caterpillars can cause serious economic damage. Most species feed on leaves and young shoots, and their enormous feeding capacity can rapidly decimate

Integrated Pest Management

for sustainable farming. It reduces the reliance on chemical pesticides, which can have adverse effects on both crops and the environment. Beneficial insects [...] achieving a balance in the ecosystem. The principles of IPM Prevention IPM focuses on prevention rather than reaction. It emphasizes practices that deter pests [...] for biological pest control . The beneficial organisms prey or parasitize on pests in agriculture, helping to protect crops naturally. Monitoring and trapping

Loose smut of barley

only becomes visible after head emergence. The teliospores that are formed on systemically infected seeds then infect neighbouring new seeds. They germinate

Loose smut of wheat

only becomes visible after head emergence. The teliospores that are formed on systemically infected seeds then infect neighbouring new seeds. They germinate

Black sigatoka disease

(Mycosphaerella fijiensis ) first causes small, light yellow spots or streaks on leaves of about one month old. The symptoms run parallel to the veins. Within

Biological seed treatment

biological seed treatment? Biological seed treatment has beneficial effects on the growth, resilience of the plant, abiotic stress, the development of the [...] y of the crop. An overview of positive attributes of microbials depending on the organism: Biological seed treatment acts as a biostimulant: a treated [...] results in a lower exposure of growers to chemicals and lessens their impact on the environment. The potential exposure of the soil to agrochemicals is also

Predatory insects

control agents. Female gall midges lay their eggs on plant leaves, and when the larvae hatch, they feed on aphids. Gall midges are considered beneficial insects [...] agriculture. Equipped with piercing mouthparts, they actively hunt and feed on various harmful pests, helping to maintain a balanced ecosystem. Predatory [...] chemicals The use of predatory insects often results in a decreased reliance on chemical pesticides. This reduction is beneficial for both the environment

Lettuce

cultivate and most often grown for its leaves. It is, however, often plagued on by a number of insect and mammal pests and fungal and bacterial diseases,