• Grape mealy bug

  mealy bugs support sooty mould growth on infected area. Young vines often die due to severe infestation of mealy bugs. Feeding damage in grapes is minimal

• Root and crown rot of strawberry

  slow, growth is retarded and rooting is poor. Transplants look weak and may die. It is hard to visually distinguish between Pestalotiopsis clavispora and

• Aphidius colemani

  aphids to drop from the leaf and fall to the ground. Although many aphids die as a result, many will survive and migrate to other plants to begin new colonies [...] aphids produce a mummy similar to that of Aphidius spp. The aphids do not die at once but usually continue to feed and secrete honeydew. Second and third

• Fusarium wilt

  which can be seen when the stems are cut. In banana, whole plantations may die and the soil may not be suitable for planting for many years to come. Life

• Charcoal rot

  bearing fruit or are subjected to stress. Severely infected plants collapse and die. When the crown is cut, internal symptoms can be seen, such as discolouration

• Blight of pepper

  Phytophthora species cause root- and crown rot in potted plants. The small roots die and brown-black lesions occur on the larger roots. Plants wilt and the crown

• Onion thrips

  tissues and sucking out their contents, causing the surrounding tissue to die. The resulting silver-grey patches on leaves and the black dots of their excreta

• Two-spotted spider mite

  as more cell sap is removed, the leaf, and eventually the whole plant, may die. In tomatoes and cucumbers, as little as 30% damage of the leaf surface can

• Fusarium head blight or scab

  or from infected seed. Infected seed doesn’t germinate well and seedlings die, causing irregular crop density. The foot of the plant is infected, either

• Black root rot of cucurbits

  encircle the root. The roots become yellow-brown to black and ultimately die. Black lesions with fruiting bodies occur more commonly at temperatures of