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Early blight

occur at the side of the stem. Life cycle and appearance of Early blight From the primary infection of leaves, Alternaria solani can spread to the flowers [...] production) and to the crown. Sporulation of Alternaria occurs at temperatures from 2-4 °C up to 28-30 °C (optimum temperatures lie between 15 and 28 °C) and

Damping-off

is stimulated by exudates from roots of a susceptible host nearby. The oospores germinate and form so-called sporangia from which subsequently zoospores [...] usually only affect plants that are in a sub-optimal condition or suffer from stress, caused for example by too much water, too high or low temperatures [...] typical symptom of a Pythium infection is the easy stripping of the skin from the root cortex with a finger nail. Life cycle and appearance of Damping-off

Gummy stem blight

most important symptom is internal fruit rot, which can only be recognized from the outside by the small narrowing of the tip of the mature fruits. The symptoms [...] cropping and between consecutive cucumber crops: Remove all pots and plant parts from previous crop that may serve as inoculum source for the new crop prevent

Downy mildew of Cucurbits

nutrients from the living plant cells. The pathogens continue to grow inside the leaves and after a while new spore-bearing structures are protruding from the [...] turns grey-brown. This is actually the sporulation of the pathogens extruding from the stomata. Life cycle and appearance of Downy mildew Pathogens causing [...] Oomycetes and related to Pythium and Phytophthora. They survive as oospores. From these oospores or surviving mycelium sporangia are formed, structures in

Root rot of carrot

disease forms circular to irregular spots on the leaves that vary in colour from grey to almost black. The spots appear to be sharply defined, but under a [...] prefer older tissue. In the field, the disease is difficult to distinguish from both Cercospora and Alternaria dauci . Cercospora prefers younger leaves [...] through the soil and the air. The fungus develops at temperatures ranging from -3°C to 25°C, with an optimum around 18°C. Lesions are dark brown to black

Blight of pepper

water. Infection is usually from the root to the foot, but direct infection of the foot also occurs. Exudates leaking from growing root tips promote g [...] cells which are resistant to desiccation) or mycelium. Zoospores are formed from the overwintering structures which infect the host. Zoospores are spores [...] Dispersal is by wind and rain causes the pathogen to be returned to the soil from infected plants. Dispersal in the soil happens via water, since the zoospores