Precautionary measures for product allergies

substances in your surroundings). You would need to take an allergy test to determine which substance you are allergic to. This information is intended solely [...] as it is not a substitute for medical care. If you have or suspect you have a health problem, consult a doctor. This information was compiled in conjunction [...] Depending on the way in which you are exposed to the substances in these products, there are specific precautionary measures you can take: Exposure via

Pollination checklist tomato

temperature in the hive. If the temperature to which they are exposed is too high for a lengthy period, the hive and the colony may suffer damage. You should [...] pollination, a bumblebee bites onto the flower and makes the flower vibrate. This is known as buzz pollination. The imprints of the bumblebee's jaw on the flower [...] flower. Pollen is released best at a relative humidity (RH) of between 50% and 80%. A relative humidity of more than 80%-85% will result in pollen not being

Phytophthora blight

higher water content than is optimal for crop growth. Phytophthora overwinters in roots, infected tubers and bulbs or in the soil in different stages: as oospores [...] infection is either by germinating sporangia or by zoospores produced in the sporangia. For germination on above-ground plant parts, leaf wetness is required [...] required. Dispersal is by wind and rain causes the pathogen to be returned to the soil from infected plants. Dispersal in the soil happens via water, since

Leaf stripe

graminea is monocyclic, which means there is only one disease cycle during the cropping season. The fungus is seed-borne and this systemic infection is the [...] merge. Eventually this leads to the death of the leaf. The leaf splits at the end which makes it look shredded. This is typical for this disease. Infected [...] most conducive for this disease and infection does not occur at soil temperatures above 15 °C. How to prevent Leaf stripe Produce seed in semi-arid environments

Apple collar rot

higher water content than is optimal for crop growth. Phytophthora overwinters in roots, infected tubers and bulbs or in the soil in different stages: as oospores [...] infection is either by germinating sporangia or by zoospores produced in the sporangia. For germination on above-ground plant parts, leaf wetness is required [...] from infected plants. Dispersal in the soil happens via water, since the zoospores can readily move through water. This explains why the disease spreads

Plant Disease Management

disposing of diseased plant material is essential to prevent the spread of pathogens. This practice is particularly important in containing the spread of diseases [...] What is biological disease control? Biological control of plant diseases is a method used to manage and reduce the impact of plant diseases by utilizing [...] healthy soil is crucial. Soil that is well-draining and nutrient-rich provides a solid foundation for plants to thrive. Healthy plants, in turn, are more

Charcoal rot

seed but this is not considered a main source of infection. Optimum conditions for this fungus are temperatures above 32 °C and dry conditions. In field crops [...] crops in temperate regions it is therefore not a problem. How to prevent Charcoal rot Plant in fields with no history of the disease Use disease-free planting [...] General Macrophomina phaseolina is a common soil fungus in warmer regions, causing charcoal rot. It has a very wide range of host crops, many of which

Aphidius colemani

effectiveness in controlling aphid populations in various agricultural and horticultural environments. Aphidius colemani is widely used in the biological [...] wings, and is black with dark brown legs. A female has a more pointed abdomen that is as long as the wings, is equipped with an ovipositor, and is black, with [...] colemani Aphidius colemani is a parasitic wasp used for biological pest control . This species belongs to the Braconidae family and is primarily known for its

Parasitic wasps

host pest is typically killed in the process. Host feeding In addition to parasitization, some parasitic wasps also engage in host feeding. This behavior [...] biodiversity, as the use of harmful chemicals decreases. This, in turn, creates a more balanced ecosystem in the crop, which can enhance overall crop health and [...] feeding. Parasitization Parasitization is the primary means by which parasitic wasps control pests in agriculture. This process involves the parasitic wasp

Bacterial canker of tomato

Cutting the stem at the foot shows whitish ooze with bacteria in the case of C lavibacter infection, but other than that the disease is difficult to distinguish [...] the tubers. This discolouration is round, hence the name ring rot. Life cycle and appearance of Bacterial canker of tomato Clavibacter is seed-borne and [...] infection is mostly from infected propagation material. It spreads to other seedlings by touching the plants in greenhouse crops and by water in field crops