• Brown root rot, corky root rot

  microbial population in soil. How to prevent Brown root rot, corky root rot Field crops: Fumigate the soil Practise crop rotation with non-host crops Delay planting [...] gradually break off. The corky areas often occur as horizontal bands on the roots with lengthwise cracks. No discoloration is present in the xylem tissues which [...] temperatures above 20 °C. The fungus produces pycnidia containing conidiophores with conidia and microsclerotia. Spread happens through dispersal of soil particles

• Charcoal rot

  problem. How to prevent Charcoal rot Plant in fields with no history of the disease Use disease-free planting material Rotate with non-host crops to reduce inoculum [...] discolouration of vascular and cortex tissue (outer tissue layer) to orange-brown to dark brown. Cutting the roots may show the same discolouration of [...] corn stalks, survival of up to 1.5 years has been reported. The density of the microsclerotia in the soil is directly related to disease incidence. Within

• Verticillium wilt

  the gum causes the xylem vessels to get blocked, which in turn causes the plant to wilt. Spores may be wind-dispersed to new hosts. In the senescent tissue [...] dahliae has an optimum temperature around 25-27 °C. How to prevent Verticillium wilt Start with clean soil or substrate by heating it at a temperature if [...] leaves are pale-green, then orange-yellow. In the beginning the plant seems to recover at night. The symptoms may occur only in parts of the plant. Cutting

• Fusarium head blight or scab

  General Fusarium is a group of soil-borne fungi with many different species. Fusarium is widespread and can infect a range of host crops. Many species [...] primarily infects the older, lower leaves. The spores are dispersed upwards to the ears by splashing rain drops or wind. On the infected ears, the typical [...] zeae (Fusarium graminearum ) germinate at temperatures between 4 and 35 °C, with an optimum between 25 and 28 °C. Germination only occurs at relative humidity

• Tutasan

  part of the trap Fill the trap with water to the level indicated If possible connect the trap to a dripper and make sure the water drips properly into [...] combination with Pherodis Tuta absoluta . Pests Tomato leaf miner moth ( Tuta absoluta ). Crops Tomato. Mode of action The Tutasan trap needs to be used in [...] in combination with Pherodis pheromone dispensers. The dispensers release a species-specific pheromone which lures the male moths to the trap where they

• Deltatrap

  combination with a species-specific pheromone. Pests Moths and mealybugs . Crops Protected and outdoor crops. Mode of action The Deltatrap needs to be used [...] glue and are easy to detect, count and identify. Trapping males also aids in reducing the number of eggs laid by females as they fail to mate. Presentation [...] trap with suspension hook and one sticky insert. Preparation Fold the trap into a triangle Place a sticky insert at the bottom of the trap, with the sticky

• Root rot of carrot

  -3°C to 25°C, with an optimum around 18°C. Lesions are dark brown to black, moist, mostly circular spots 0.5 -1.2 cm diameter that extend only to 2 mm [...] the disease forms circular to irregular spots on the leaves that vary in colour from grey to almost black. The spots appear to be sharply defined, but under [...] leading to less mechanical damage of the carrots. Temperature: Rhexocercosporidium carotae develops at temperatures ranging from -3°C to 25°C, with an optimum

• Lurem-TR

  Preparation Twist the top of the dispenser to activate the release of the kairomone. Application Hang the dispenser next to the sticky trap Place the sticky trap [...] Lurem-TR increases the attraction of thrips to blue and yellow sticky traps and thus ensures earlier discovery of the pest. Pests Several thrips species [...] thrips more active. They appear from their shelters and are more attracted to the sticky traps. Presentation Dispenser containing the kairomone. Numbers

• Black sigatoka disease

  The symptoms run parallel to the veins. Within a few days, the spots become a few centimetres in size and turn brown with light grey centres. These spots [...] three days under optimal conditions (humidity close to saturation and temperature above 20 °C). How to prevent Black sigatoka disease Use resistant cultivars [...] infection, hyphae emerge from the stomata and either develop into conidiophores with new conidia or grow across the surface and infect adjacent stomata. Both

• Cercospora leaf spot

  cally greyish brown, circular with small to large grey centres and dark brown margins. The spots may enlarge to 1 cm to more and later coalesce. The spots [...] has the ability to overwinter in plant debris and remains in the field for long time. Management Spray Veni GoKlean at the rate 1.25 to 1.5 ml per litre [...] appearance to the leaves. Severely infected leaves drop off prematurely results in reduced yield. Stem, petiole and pods are also infected with Cercospora