Aphids
and winged adults as alate. Alate aphids have two pairs of wings, one of which is much larger than the other. For a large part of the season an aphid population [...] identical to the mother. In other words, they are clones. Because there is no genetic recombination, different characteristics, such as colour forms, or [...] do not alternate between host plants also mate in the autumn and lay eggs which overwinter. Where mating occurs and eggs are laid, the life cycle is termed