Trial results Onion fly and Fusarium wilt

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Bacterial spot

spots may merge with lesions on the petioles and stems and form long dark streaks. On fruits, first small black specks are seen on green fruits. The specks [...] bacterial leaf spot on peppers and tomatoes. Damage symptoms Xanthomonas vesicatoria in tomato causes small, water-soaked spots on leaves which are first [...] In pepper, the spots on the leaves are also round and small to start with and slightly raised from the leaf surface. They occur on the abaxial (underside

Powdery mildew

stomata on the underside of the leaf. On the upper side, yellow spots are noticeable. In case of a severe epidemic, the fluffy colonies also appear on the [...] layer of plant cells. Most of the fungus remains on the outside of the plant surface. On the mycelium on the plant surface, new conidiophores are formed [...] foremost on the upper side of the leaf. In severe epidemics in cereals, the ears may also be infected. In pepper, the fluffy colonies occur mostly on the underside

Gummy stem blight

brown lesions on the foot and higher up on the stem. On the lesions, golden-brown gummy drops occur, hence the name gummy stem blight. On the lesions, black [...] The spores germinate when free water is present on the plant, at high relative humidity (RH) and on wounds. Leaves can be infected directly, through wounds [...] black specks, the new fruiting bodies with spores, become visible. On the leaves, round and extending lesions may occur. In cucumber, the most important

Grape downy mildew

e, characteristic ‘oil spots’ on the upper surface of young, actively growing leaves, followed by downy white growth on the underside, are typical early [...] to light-green oil spots on the upper leaf surface, often angular and limited by leaf veins White to greyish downy growth on the underside of leaves under [...] viticola) relies on a preventive and integrated approach. Since the pathogen remains latent before symptoms emerge, control strategies should focus on reducing

Pea blight, leaf and pod spot

symptoms Ascochyta pisi causes spots on leaves, stems and pods of peas. The spots on leaves and pods are round, on the stems they are more elongated. The [...] General Ascochyta pisi is a fungal plant pathogen that causes A scochyta blight on pea (leaf blight or pea blight) and lesions of stems, leaves, and pods (pea [...] surrounded by a dark brown to red-brown border. The first infection is often on the primary leaves. The fungus is seed borne and thus also causes post- and

Bacterial canker of tomato

years. On other fields on the same farm, no seed potatoes can be grown for one year after infection. Damage symptoms Clavibacter causes spots on stems, [...] the affected field and potatoes from other fields on the farm, are labelled as ‘suspect’ that year. On the infected field no potatoes or other Solaneceaous [...] They turn brown but don’t fall off. On stems and shoots light stripes form, which then tear, allowing cankers to form. On tomato leaves, water-soaked lesions

Fusarium spp.

the soil, and on crop residues of infected plants, as chlamydospores (thick walled mycelium cells) or mycelium. Survival is also possible on seed, greenhouse [...] that causes vascular wilt. Initially, the leaves turn yellow and wilt, mostly on one side of the plant. Finally, the whole plant wilts. Other symptoms are [...] head blight or scab ) (anamorph/teleomorph) causes seedling damping-off . On the foot of the stem, brown discolouration occurs. Infected glumes and kernels

Apple scab

so the lesions remain smaller. Based on the research that has been done on the influence of climatic conditions on release of ascospores and risk of infection [...] disease, which at first presents itself as lesions on blossoms, leaves, petioles and fruits and sometimes on twigs and bud scales. The lesions are olive-green [...] fallen leaves or in lesions on twigs. These unripe fruiting bodies, or pseudothecia ripen in winter and form ascospores. Depending on the temperature, these

Fusarium wilt

the soil and on crop residues of infected plants as chlamydospores (thick walled mycelium cells) or mycelium. Survival is also possible on seed, greenhouse [...] species causing vascular wilt. First the leaves turn yellow and wilt, mostly on one side of the plant. Finally, the whole plant wilts. Other symptoms are [...] has many different formae speciales which are each selectively pathogenic on a limited number of crops. Even within one crop, different formae speciales