Crazy roots, hairy roots, crown gall

have been isolated from crazy roots. This disease seems to be caused by a change in the hormonal system of the plant resulting from the Rhizobium infection [...] bacteria survive in the soil, but it is possible that first infection is from the propagation material. Infection also takes place via wounds. After infection

Diglyphus isaea

the first mines are visible in the crop. Introduction rates typically range from 0.25-3 per m 2 /release. Releases should be repeated at least 3 times at [...] host’s internal tissues. As they develop, the larvae consume the leafminer from within, leading to its death. This feeding behavior is highly effective in [...] larva hatches, it remains beside its host, punctures it and sucks it empty from the outside, as a result of which the leaf miner larva dies. A few days after

Tomato leaf miner

distinguish from feeding spots. Larvae of Liriomyza bryoniae are transparent white, older larvae have a yellow head. When the larva hatches from the egg, [...] more commonly on the underside. The late third instar larva, that emerges from its tunnel just prior to pupating, is known as a prepupa. This stage lasts

Pierce's disease of grapevine

browning of leaves along the margin or the tip from early to midsummer. The necrotic area spreads over the leaf from the margin and is marked by a chlorotic band [...] high numbers are found in leaves and fruits. The bacteria are transferred from plant to plant by all kinds of xylem-feeding insects. Well known, but certainly [...] presence increases the risk of infection in cultivated crops. The spread from one host plant species to another is still under investigation and seems

Cut flowers

originates from Central and South America. It is a bulb plant from the large family of the Amaryllidaceae, the narcissus family. The Hippeastrum comes from America [...] America, from northern Argentina to Mexico and the Caribbean. Is grown from a bulb as a cut flower or sold as a pot plant. Freesia : The freesia is a herbaceous [...] perennial flowering plant from the Iridaceae family. The cultivated freesias are graceful funnel-shaped hybrids, descended from a number of freesias. Lily

Fusarium head blight or scab

chlamydospores and ascospores in crop residues. Primary infection is from this inoculum or from infected seed. Infected seed doesn’t germinate well and seedlings [...] the root tip or in small wounds, for example where lateral roots branch off from the tap root. Gibberella zeae (Fusarium graminearum) overwinters as chla

Aphidius colemani

wool slabs or in Diboxes Make sure the material remains dry and is not moved from its introduction site for at least a few days The dosage of Aphipar depends [...] preventively soon after planting of the crop. Introduction rates typically range from 0.25-4 per m 2 /release. Releases should be repeated at least 3 times. Consult [...] and deposits an egg. All this happens in less than half a second. Apart from the parasitization itself, the disturbance of the aphid population by the

Orange

About The orange and in particular the sweet orange is the fruit that derives from the citrus species Citrus X sinensis that belongs to the family of Rutaceae [...] blood/pigmented oranges and acid less oranges. The orange is a hybrid and derives from pomelo ( Citrus maxima ) and mandarin ( Citrus reticulata ). Its genes can

Grapes

vine ( Vitis vinifera ) is a species of Vitis . The plant comes originally from the Mediterranean region, central Europe and southwestern Asia and thus has [...] of wine production around the world. All the usual wine varieties are made from (different) types of Vitis vinifera.

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