Powdery mildew

colonies mostly occur in these crops. In covered roses, the colonies appear first and foremost on the upper side of the leaves. In most crops, the white [...] found yet for all powdery mildew fungi and especially in greenhouse crops they don’t play a role in the epidemics. Fungal spores germinate on the leaf surface [...] fairly similar in all plant-pathogen combinations. The symptoms are white fluffy colonies, first and foremost on the upper side of the leaf. In severe epidemics

Aphipar

converts into a leathery mummy. The adult parasitic wasp emerges through a hole at the rear of the mummy. The first mummies are noticed in the crop around [...] material on rock wool slabs or in Diboxes Make sure the material remains dry and is not moved from its introduction site for at least a few days Dosage The dosage [...] /release. Releases should be repeated at least 3 times. Consult a Koppert advisor or a recognized distributor of Koppert products for advice on the best

Application

Verticillium wilt

are pale-green, then orange-yellow. In the beginning the plant seems to recover at night. The symptoms may occur only in parts of the plant. Cutting the stalk [...] system usually stays mostly intact. In rose, branches die off from the top and purple brown stripes occur on the stem. In tomato, sometimes V-shaped lesions [...] transported upwards with the transpiration stream. As a defence mechanism, the plant produces gum in the vessels. The presence of both the fungus and the

Wheat bunt

kernels, which in turn become a source of disease in the next season. Infection is strongly correlated to temperature and precipitation in the first 11 days [...] tritici and Tilletia laevis survive as teliospores in the soil or on seed. These teliospores germinate in response to moisture and form basidiospores, also [...] Two mating types are distinguished. The filiform basidiospores fuse in the middle with a basidiospore of the other mating type so that H-shaped structures

Grapevine powdery mildew

Grapevine powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) is a widespread fungal disease that poses a serious threat to commercial viticulture worldwide. The pathogen [...] powdery mycelium. As the infection intensifies, affected leaves suffer a marked reduction in photosynthetic capacity, while shoots and flowers exhibit stunted [...] buds or as chasmothecia (sexual fruiting bodies) attached in the bark crevices and plant debris. In spring, chasmothecia release ascospores during periods

Black sigatoka disease

old. The symptoms run parallel to the veins. Within a few days, the spots become a few centimetres in size and turn brown with light grey centres. These [...] and the whole leaf turns brown and ultimately dies. In cases of severe infection leaves may die within a few weeks. Because of the lack of leaf tissues, fruit [...] germinate within two or three hours under humid conditions, but infection takes a minimum of two or three days under optimal conditions (humidity close to saturation

Brown root rot, corky root rot

lycopersici survives in the soil and in buried tomato roots as microsclerotia. The microsclerotia germinate and produce mycelium that in turn infect the roots [...] cultivation practices. However, this fungus is a poor competitor against a balanced microbial population in soil. How to prevent Brown root rot, corky root [...] General Pyrenochaeta lycopersici is a fungal plant pathogen, infecting tomatoes and aubergine. It causes brown root rot and corky root rot. Damage symptoms

Grape downy mildew

known for its ability to produce a wide range of bio-active compounds involved in microbial interactions. When used as a lysate, these compounds support [...] primarily as oospores in fallen leaf litter, though in milder climates it can also persist as mycelium within infected buds and canes. In spring, oospore g [...] symptom detection, a clear understanding of the disease cycle, and vigilant monitoring of high-risk weather conditions are key to maintaining a healthy vineyard

Loose smut of barley

first sign of infection is the appearance of a smutted ear. Instead of normal tissue, the ear contains a mass of olive-brown smut spores. Life cycle and [...] within a day and infect the inner tissues of the newly infected seed. During maturation of the seed, the mycelium becomes thick-walled and swollen as a dormant [...] General Ustilago nuda f.sp. hordei affects barley and can destroy a large proportion of the crop. It is also known as barley smut, or loose smut of barley