Flies

for flies in your crop Fly damage Flies can cause damage to crops both directly and indirectly. The type of damage depends on the species of the flies. Direct [...] Ephydridae (shore flies). The larvae of these insects generally live on rotting plant material and are mostly found in the soil. The spotted wing drosophila [...] on soft fruits in Europe and North America. Sciarid flies and shore flies are mainly a problem in greenhouses. Their larvae live in the ground and prefer

Corn earworm

green ears of corn. The larvae feed on the hairs of the young corn and on the young kernels at the tip of the cob. During the third instar, the larvae turn [...] since the cold reduces or halts their development. Damage symptoms The female lays small quantities of eggs, between one and three, in the hairs of green [...] caterpillar surviving, which will start to feed again on the tip of the cob, making holes in the corn. In other crops, they prefer flower buds and soft fruit

Southern blight

lesions on the stem. As the damage progresses, it causes darkening and rotting of the stem, resulting in the destruction of the cortex and the main root [...] resulting in longevity of more than five years in the soil, in a dry environment. Both the sclerotia and the mycelium are a source of inoculum, as the fungus [...] close to the surface of the stem. In favourable conditions, the sclerotia can germinate in two forms, hyphal or eruptive, causing infection in the plants

Biological seed treatment

stress, the development of the root system, and the productivity of the crop. An overview of positive attributes of microbials depending on the organism: [...] colonize the roots and protect the crop during the entire growing season. Seed treatment increases the availability of plant nutrients in the root system [...] applied to the seed in a powder form or as a liquid. An even layer covers the whole seed. In this way, the beneficial ingredients are available to the seed when

Experience Centre

average of 1,5 hours and is suitable for groups of up to 15 visitors. In the case of bigger groups, the programme can be adapted in consultation. The Experience [...] you know that the vision of bumblebees differs vastly to that of humans and that we use that difference to provide our clients with the most effective [...] Visit our Experience Centre and discover the world of sustainable cultivation If you are interested in sustainable cultivation, biological crop protection

Charcoal rot

Cutting the roots may show the same discolouration of the internal tissues of the main roots. In most crops, necrotic lesions on the roots are the first [...] by wilting, dropping of leaves and collapse of the entire plant. Life cycle and appearance of Charcoal rot The fungus survives in the soil and on crop residues [...] residues as microsclerotia. In corn stalks, survival of up to 1.5 years has been reported. The density of the microsclerotia in the soil is directly related

Powdery mildew

infected. In pepper, the fluffy colonies occur mostly on the underside of the leaf, because the fungus infects the plant by entering through the stomata [...] on the underside of the leaf. On the upper side, yellow spots are noticeable. In case of a severe epidemic, the fluffy colonies also appear on the upper [...] epidermal layer of plant cells. Most of the fungus remains on the outside of the plant surface. On the mycelium on the plant surface, new conidiophores are

Fusarium spp.

inside the vascular system of the host plant and spreads upwards inside the plants. The other species are dispersed upwards on the outside of the plant [...] one side of the plant. Finally, the whole plant wilts. Other symptoms are brown discolouration of the xylem vessels, which can be seen when the stems are [...] ascospores. In general, the life cycle of different Fusarium species is similar. Fusarium overwinters for many years in the soil, and on crop residues of infected

Angular leaf spot

appearance of Angular leaf spot Xanthomonas fragariae overwinters in plants and dead leaves, that become the primary source of infection in the spring. The bacteria [...] limited by the small veins. The distinctive feature is the way the lesions look when using different light sources: when reflected light is used, the lesions [...] visible on the upper side of the leaf as irregular spots which are first reddish brown and then become necrotic. The foliar symptoms are the most important

Apple scab

through the cuticula. The asexual conidia are released and repeat the cycle of infection of new plant parts and spore production. In autumn, the fungus [...] cycle and appearance of Apple scab Venturia inaequalis overwinters in the form of unripe fruiting bodies in infected fallen leaves or in lesions on twigs. [...] pseudothecia in leaves that have already fallen off the trees. In response to the infection, the plants produce cork as a defence against further growth of the