Powdery mildew

stomata on the underside of the leaf. On the upper side, yellow spots are noticeable. In case of a severe epidemic, the fluffy colonies also appear on the [...] powdery mildew fungi and especially in greenhouse crops they don’t play a role in the epidemics. Fungal spores germinate on the leaf surface and the germ tubes [...] layer of plant cells. Most of the fungus remains on the outside of the plant surface. On the mycelium on the plant surface, new conidiophores are formed

Cottony soft rot

The plant above it wilts and rots. White, fluffy fungal mycelium grows on the lesions, giving this disease its name cottony soft rot. In the mycelium, big [...] sclerotiorum ) overwinters as sclerotia and mycelium in dead and living plant material in or on the ground. Sclerotia germinate at temperatures between [...] the naked eye and look like rat droppings. The symptoms may occur on stems but also on leaves, fruits and pods. Root infection often leads to premature

Predatory mites

and Neoseiulus californicus ( Spical ) are specialized in feeding on spider mites. They both prey on spider mites at every stage of their life cycle. Predatory [...] prey on the larvae of fungus gnats in the soil, preventing them from turning into adult fungus gnats. Predatory mites packaging Predatory mites in bottles [...] demonstrated its practical effectiveness, enabling the use of predatory mites even in suboptimal conditions. Examples of predatory mites in Ulti-Mite sachets

Corn earworm

of eggs, between one and three, in the hairs of green ears of corn. The larvae feed on the hairs of the young corn and on the young kernels at the tip of [...] caterpillar surviving, which will start to feed again on the tip of the cob, making holes in the corn. In other crops, they prefer flower buds and soft fruit [...] cephalic capsule in the first stage, but later adopting a variety of colours such as green, brown, pink, and yellow. Other features are its size in the final

Aphidius ervi

available in a bottle ( Ervipar ). Spread the material on rock wool slabs or in Diboxes Make sure the material remains dry and is not moved from its introduction [...] that plays a significant role in biological control of aphids . The natural enemy Aphidius ervi has been widely utilized in various agricultural regions [...] predatory activity by feeding on the aphid's internal tissues. They use their mouthparts to puncture the aphid and consume its bodily fluids, ultimately leading

Tobacco whitefly

This insect was first identified on tobacco in Greece in 1889, hence the name tabaci . It has subsequently been found in most tropical and subtropical countries [...] leaf damage can in turn influence the development of fruit and lead to a reduction in yield. The honeydew deposited on fruit makes it sticky. Dirt adheres [...] throughout the world. It causes damage in (sub-)tropical areas especially. The tobacco whitefly ( Bemisia tabaci ) is feared because of its high level of resistance

Diamond back moth

deposited singly or in small groups of two or ten eggs on both the upper and lower surface of leaves, preferentially in depressions, and rarely on stems or petioles [...] in Europe, South Africa or East Asia, but is now present wherever its cruciferous hosts exist and it is considered to be the most universally distributed [...] cocoon, usually formed on the lower or outer leaves. They often stick to leaves and frequently hide in crevices near the bud. In cauliflower and broccoli

Asian citrus psyllid

citrus in several countries as it is a vector of a serious citrus disease called greening disease or Huanglongbing. It is widely distributed in southern [...] that inserts its mouthparts into plant tissue to feed. Adults feed on young stems and on leaves of all developmental stages. Nymphs feed on young leaves [...] responsible for the destruction of several citrus industries in Asia and Africa. In North America, it has spread through most of the southern states and Mexico

Diglyphus isaea

Larval stage: When the parasitic wasp larva hatches, it remains beside its host, punctures it and sucks it empty from the outside, as a result of which the [...] within the order Hymenoptera . It is widely recognized for its role as a biological control agent for leaf miner control. Its ability to effectively target [...] Diglyphus isaea is available in a bottle ( Miglyphus ). Release parasitic wasps between the leaves of the crop in the morning or in the evening The dosage of

Melon thrips

deposited in leaf tissue in a slit cut by female. Eggs are colourless to pale white in colour. The nymphs resemble the adults in general body form but it lacks [...] is dependent on temperature, but host plant quality also has an influence. After completion of nymph stage, it drops to soil and pupate in soil. There are [...] are pale yellow or white in colour and 0.8 to 1mm in length, with females slightly larger than males. Life cycle is completed in 20 days under favourable