• Potato aphid

  When reproduction is asexual, the young aphids are born as developed nymphs. They immediately start to feed on plant sap and grow rapidly. When reproduction [...] females. Aphids moult four times before reaching adulthood. With each moult they shed white skin, betraying their presence in the crop. The adult potato aphid

• Asian citrus psyllid

  citrus by burning back new shoots or causing leaves to twist or notch as they mature. Worst damage is done when the insect is vector of the bacterium [...] spread when adults fly to a healthy plant and injects bacteria into it as they feed. The disease can kill a citrus tree in as little as five years, and

• Common beans

  many types are identified as ‘bush beans’ or ‘pole beans’, depending on how they grow. Kidney beans, pinto beans, navy beans and wax beans belong to this

• Pumpkin, squash and gourd

  herbaceous vines belonging to the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae . Cucurbits, as they are also know, are indigenous to the Andes region and Mesoamerica. Currently

• Aphids

  of a single female is genetically identical to the mother. In other words, they are clones. Because there is no genetic recombination, different characteristics [...] aphids are born as developed nymphs and begin to feed instantly on plant sap. They grow rapidly and moult four times before becoming adult, with the conspicuous [...] summer host plant, migrating to their winter host plant in autumn, where they reproduce sexually and lay eggs that overwinter. The summer host plants are

• Western flower thrips

  occidentalis) are laid in leaves, flower petals and in the soft parts of stalks. They are inserted into the plant tissue with a saw-like ovipositor. Larvae are [...] large head and bright red eyes. Adult females are very variable in colour. They range from almost white through yellowish orange to almost black. Western

• Black sigatoka disease

  sed within the crop. Both types of spores cause the exact same symptoms. They enter the leaf through the stomata. After infection, hyphae emerge from the

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• Citrus leaf miner

  around 2mm long, silvery white in colour with wings fringed with long hairs. They are active both in day and night. The entire life cycle takes 3 to 7 weeks

• Millet

  months from sowing to harvesting under dry, high-temperature conditions. They are highly tolerant to drought and other extreme weather conditions. Millets