Aphipar

mummy. The adult parasitic wasp emerges through a hole at the rear of the mummy. The first mummies are noticed in the crop around 10-14 days after the first [...] wasps emerge from the mummies and females lay their eggs into aphids . The next generation of parasitic wasps develops inside the aphid, which converts into [...] cotton aphid ( Aphis gossypii) ; tobacco aphid ( Myzus persicae var. nicotianae ); peach-potato aphid ( Myzus persicae var. persicae ). Mode of action

Amblyseius swirskii

lay 1.4 eggs per day on this prey Life cycle of Amblyseius swirskii The life cycle of Amblyseius swirskii consists of egg, larva, protonymph, deutonymph [...] are the same colour as the eggs, and are only slightly larger. The larvae of Amblyseius swirskii do not need to feed. The nymphs are larger than the larvae [...] shake the bottle gently before use Push the centre of the cap to open the dosage hole Sprinkle material on leaves or pour into Diboxes Make sure the material

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Black sigatoka disease

die within a few weeks. Because of the lack of leaf tissues, fruit maturity is hampered. Life cycle and appearance of Black sigatoka disease Black sigatoka [...] conidia. The ascospores are wind-dispersed over longer distances, the conidia are splash-dispersed within the crop. Both types of spores cause the exact same [...] yellow spots or streaks on leaves of about one month old. The symptoms run parallel to the veins. Within a few days, the spots become a few centimetres in

Tea mosquito bug

greenish brown wings. Females is capable of laying about 500 eggs. The eggs are laid in all tender parts of the plant. The freshly hatched nymphs are look [...] Helopeltis is a sucking pest. Nymphs and adults are damaging stages which suck the sap from young leaves, tender stems and buds. The toxic saliva of the insect [...] insect is injected to the plant tissues at the time of feeding causes reddish brown patches. As a result punctured snot to dry and die, curling of leaves,

Apple scab

free water is available. They infect the plant by direct penetration of the cuticula and then grow between the cuticula and the epidermis of the plant cells [...] through the cuticula. The asexual conidia are released and repeat the cycle of infection of new plant parts and spore production. In autumn, the fungus [...] may not be noticed before harvest. Life cycle and appearance of Apple scab Venturia inaequalis overwinters in the form of unripe fruiting bodies in infected

Cottony soft rot

infects the stem base and the roots, whereas the ascospores infect the above-ground plant parts. In greenhouses, usually only mycelium is produced by the germinating [...] sclerotia. The fungus also infects seeds and tubers, thereby creating a source of infection for the next crop. The dispersal to neighbouring plants is by mycelial [...] as cottony soft root, is a plant pathogenic fungus. It has a very wide range of host plants. Damage symptoms The first symptoms of a cottony soft root (

Citrus leaf miner

cycle and appearance The moth lays the eggs singly up to 50 on lower surface of the leaves near the mid-rib. The caterpillar enters the leaf tissue after [...] miner found in all regions where Citrus sp. is grown. Damage symptoms The minute larvae enter the leaf tissues of tender leaves and feeding on them produces [...] causes the leaves to curl and twist. Severe infestation causes the leaves turn pale, curl badly, dry off and growth retardation of younger trees. Life cycle

Crane flies

General The larvae of crane flies , called leatherjackets, live in the soil and feed on roots and shoots (which they pull into the ground of mainly grasses [...] burrows of the larvae might also be visible. Secondary damage may come from birds and rodents feeding on larvae and digging up turf. Life cycle and appearance [...] After adults emerge, part of the pupal case can be found sticking out above the soil surface. Adult common crane flies emerge from the soil in late summer to

Grape mealy bug

and nymphs suck the sap from the leaves, shoots, flowers and grape bunches. Malformation of leaves and shoot tips due to infestation of growing points. [...] damage in grapes is minimal but the marketability is greatly affected due to its cottony egg mass, honey dew, sooty mould and dead mealy bugs on grape [...] bunches are not suitable for making raisins. Life cycle and appearance Mealy bugs are found in crevices of stem, on leaves and berries. Mealy bugs are pinkish