• Tobacco aphid

  matt, never glossy. Winged individuals have a brown-black head and thorax and a reddish abdomen. There is a dark brown spot on the abdomen and several [...] Myzus persicae subsp. nicotianae ) is also encountered in a range of crops in greenhouses, such as sweet pepper, aubergine, chrysanthemum, and various pot [...] extract nutrients from the plant and disturb the balance of growth hormones. As a result, the plant’s growth is retarded giving rise to deformed leaves or

• Maize

  specified as ears, which are fruit, producing kernels. These kernels are often incorrectly referred to as seeds. Maize kernels often serve as starch in [...] About Maize or corn ( Zea mays subsp. mays ), is a large grain plant that divided in six main types: flint corn, dent corn, popcorn, pod corn, sweet corn [...] was domesticated by the indigenous communities in Mexico and it still plays a main role in the preparation of Mexican food dishes. The leafy stalk of the

• Biological seed treatment

  fungi and bacteria, as well as plant extracts and algae extracts. Biological substances are applied to the seed in a powder form or as a liquid. An even layer [...] microbials depending on the organism: Biological seed treatment acts as a biostimulant: a treated crop becomes stronger and grows better; The treatment enhances [...] value of the crop as well as production yields are boosted; Biological seed treatment reduces the use of agrochemicals which results in a lower exposure of

• Eggplant

  eggplant and in South Africa and Southeast Asia it is known as brinjal. The eggplant is a member of the genus Solanum and is thus related to the tomato [...] tomato and potato. Botanically speaking however, the eggplant is classified as a berry. The fruit contains many small and soft seeds. These seeds taste rather [...] About Eggplant or aubergine ( Solanum melongena ) is a specific species of nightshade and is widely produced for its tasty fruit. In North America and

• Cutworms

  observed as a cutting of young seedlings, often causing death of the cut seedlings. Sometimes wilting is observed because of partial cutting. A larva often [...] forewings with a faint kidney-shaped marking and a red spot. They have broad hindwings, evenly light or dark grey or orange-yellow with a broad dark marginal [...] populations of cutworms can destroy entire stands of crops, such as cotton or maize. As plants become larger, older instars will occasionally tunnel into

• Pumpkin, squash and gourd

  About Cucurbita or gourd is a genus of herbaceous vines belonging to the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae . Cucurbits, as they are also know, are indigenous [...] fleshy, but their size can vary substantially. Wild fruit species can be as small as 4 centimetres (1.6 inch) and some commercial specimens can weigh more [...] cultivated for their edible fruit and seeds. This fruit is alternately known as pumpkin, squash or gourd. That depends on species, variety and local jargon

• Fall Armyworm

  species causing major damage to cultivated grasses, such as maize, rice, sorghum and sugarcane, as well as other crops, including cabbage, beet, peanut, soybean [...] General The fall armyworm is a polyphagous pest that is indigenous throughout the Americas. Recently, it has been found in Africa too. The caterpillars [...] millet, tomato, potato and cotton. Fall armyworm moths generally disperse in a radius of about 500 km (300 miles) before oviposition, which is sufficient

• Common beans

  referred to as the string bean, field bean, flageolet bean, French bean, garden bean, green bean, haricot bean, pop bean, or snap bean) is a herbaceous [...] with other Phaseolus species. The common bean is a changeable species that has been cultivated already for a very long time. Wild varieties often tend to grow [...] grow upwards, however many types are identified as ‘bush beans’ or ‘pole beans’, depending on how they grow. Kidney beans, pinto beans, navy beans and

• Tomato leaf miner

  emerges from its tunnel just prior to pupating, is known as a prepupa. This stage lasts only a few hours. [...] burning in fruit such as tomato and melon. Loss of leaves also reduces yield. In full-grown plants of fruiting vegetable crops, however, a considerable quantity [...] less significance. Seedlings and young plants can be completely destroyed as a result of the direct damage caused by leaf miners. Indirect damage arises

• Green peach aphid

  native, however it is now a pest with a world-wide distribution. The green peach aphid ( Myzus persicae subsp. persicae ) is a particularly polyphagous [...] glossy. Winged individuals have a brown-black head and thorax and a yellow-green to green or even reddish abdomen. They have a dark brown spot on the abdomen [...] extract nutrients from the plant and disturb the balance of growth hormones. As a result, the plant’s growth is retarded giving rise to deformed leaves or