• Phytophthora blight

  tomato, potato blight and late / early blight of potato. Damage symptoms Phytophthora causes root rot, seedling damping off and rot of stems, bulbs, tubers [...] a period of mass starvation caused by this disease which ravaged potato crops throughout Europe during the 1840s. Life cycle and appearance of Phytophthora [...] optimal for crop growth. Phytophthora overwinters in roots, infected tubers and bulbs or in the soil in different stages: as oospores (sexual overwintering

• Mushroom

  spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground on soil or on its food source. Edible mushrooms are the fleshy and edible fruit bodies [...] by criteria that include absence of poisonous effects on humans and desirable taste and aroma. Most mushrooms sold in supermarkets have been commercially [...] bodies of several species of macrofungi (fungi which bear fruiting structures that are large enough to be observed with the naked eye). They can appear either

• Melon

  can be any one of several plants belonging to the family of Cucurbitaceae . The melon plant produces a usually sweet and edible, fleshy fruit. The term "melon" [...] "melon" is used for the plant, but also to identify the fruit. Botanically speaking, the melon (the fruit) is actually a berry, or more specifically even, a [...] produced on a commercial scale, especially muskmelons. The most common species of melon are: Watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus ) Muskmelon ( C. melo

• Guava

  About Originally from Mexico, Central and South America, this common tropical fruit is cultivated in many tropical and subtropical regions. A vivid yellow [...] is the fruit of the Myrtle family (Myrtaceae) – a smallish tree. The pulp varies from off-white to bright pink, and is between 4 to 12 cm in length. The

• Beneficial nematodes

  grubs, and root weevils . They are used in turfgrass management and for controlling pests in several vegetable crops, blueberries, and other soft fruit crops [...] greenhouse and nursery pest management and are becoming more and more popular in orchards and outdoor vegetable crops. Steinernema carpocapsae : This species [...] group of worms belonging to the phylum Nematoda. Nematodes are characterized by their unsegmented, cylindrical bodies, and they come in a variety of sizes

• Tomato

  nightshade family of Solanaceae . The tomato is the edible fruit of this plant. The plant is native to Central and South America and the tropical highlands [...] year in temperate climate, but in greenhouses they can sometimes sustain up to three years. A great number of tomato varieties is now cultivated in temperate [...] plants usually grow to a height of between 1-3 metres (or 3-10 feet). Their stem is not so strong, so if not supported (like in a greenhouse) the stem often

• Avocado

  Commercially speaking, avocados are very valuable and the fruit is produced in tropical and Mediterranean regions. Avocados ripen only after they are harvested [...] is green-skinned and fleshy and its shape resembles a pear or (large) egg. The avocado tree belongs to the flowering plant family of Lauraceae . Commercially [...] also named ‘alligator pear’ is a tree originating in South Central Mexico. Its nick name points to its fruit which is botanically speaking a large berry with

• Powdery mildew

  fluffy colonies, first and foremost on the upper side of the leaf. In severe epidemics in cereals, the ears may also be infected. In pepper, the fluffy colonies [...] production, so the net effect of the RH is very small. Wind and draught in greenhouses promote disease. In greenhouses, dispersal of spores over small distances [...] underside of the leaves. Therefore, this is where the colonies mostly occur in these crops. In covered roses, the colonies appear first and foremost on

• Potato

  is an integral part of the world’s food supply and many people’s diet. In terms of volume, potato is the fourth-largest food crop in the world, after maize [...] maize, wheat and rice. Potato plants grow up to some 60 cm tall. Its leaves die after flowering, fruiting and the development of the potatoes. The plant’s [...] edible tuber. The plant is an herbaceous perennial and came to Europe from Latin America in the second half of the 16th century. Potatoes as a food crop were

• Apple

  apple, the tree’s usually sweet and pomaceous fruit. Apples originate from Asia and Europe and were grown there for thousands of years, before European colonists [...] belongs to the rose family and is now cultivated for its fruit all over the world. It is the most common cultivated species of the genus Malus . Currently [...] ly there exists also a wide range of bi- or tri-colored cultivars. The skin of the apple is protected by a layer of epicuticular wax. Apples usually have