• Blight of pepper

  s containing sporangia, a type of spores) with sporangia are formed that protrude through the stomata. Secondary infection is either by germinating sporangia [...] sporangia. For germination on above-ground plant parts, leaf wetness is required. Dispersal is by wind and rain causes the pathogen to be returned to the soil [...] General Phytophthora capsici is an oomycete plant pathogen that causes blight and fruit rot of peppers and other important commercial crops. Damage symptoms

• Early blight

  general the risk of Alternaria infection is larger under quite warm and humid conditions. Infection may take place within a few hours, with lesions occurring [...] during harvest (in potato and carrot). Post-harvest storage at 0-1 o C. A. brassicae and A. brassicicola : adjust the sowing date to avoid conditions conducive [...] General The only known stage in all Alternaria species is the asexual stage. Conidia and mycelium overwinter in the soil and on crop residues and cause

• Grape downy mildew

  magna C2c Maky is known for its ability to produce a wide range of bio-active compounds involved in microbial interactions. When used as a lysate, these [...] symptom detection, a clear understanding of the disease cycle, and vigilant monitoring of high-risk weather conditions are key to maintaining a healthy vineyard [...] Grape downy mildew or grapevine downy mildew, caused by Plasmopara viticola , is one of the most important diseases in wine and table grape production worldwide

• Root and crown rot of strawberry

  strawberry. Plant development is slow, growth is retarded and rooting is poor. Transplants look weak and may die. It is hard to visually distinguish between [...] reported mainly from Brazil. The genus is quite complex, so the taxonomy may change. Pestalotiopsis clavispora is also called Neopestalotiopsis clavispora [...] cactorum . Life cycle and appearance of Root and crown rot of strawberry Not much is known about the life cycle. The fungus produces ascospores and conidia, but

• Black sigatoka disease

  one month old. The symptoms run parallel to the veins. Within a few days, the spots become a few centimetres in size and turn brown with light grey centres [...] of severe infection leaves may die within a few weeks. Because of the lack of leaf tissues, fruit maturity is hampered. Life cycle and appearance of Black [...] General Mycosphaerella fijiensis also known as black sigatoka, is an ascomycete fungus that causes leaf-spot of banana. Damage symptoms Black sigatoka

• Brown root rot, corky root rot

  farm equipment and cultivation practices. However, this fungus is a poor competitor against a balanced microbial population in soil. How to prevent Brown [...] General Pyrenochaeta lycopersici is a fungal plant pathogen, infecting tomatoes and aubergine. It causes brown root rot and corky root rot. Damage symptoms [...] as horizontal bands on the roots with lengthwise cracks. No discoloration is present in the xylem tissues which distinguishes it from wilts caused by

• Gummy stem blight

  General Mycosphaerella cucumis (Didymella bryoniae) is a fungal plant pathogen that causes gummy stem blight. Damage symptoms Mycosphaerella cucumis in [...] cropping: Remove all crop debris and disinfect the greenhouse Choose a cultivar that is less susceptible to internal fruit rot Use clean propagation material [...] round and extending lesions may occur. In cucumber, the most important symptom is internal fruit rot, which can only be recognized from the outside by the small

• Grapevine powdery mildew

  Grapevine powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) is a widespread fungal disease that poses a serious threat to commercial viticulture worldwide. The pathogen [...] (Erysiphe necator) is closely synchronized with the vine growth stages and environmental conditions. Understanding its lifecycle is essential to implementing [...] it does not require free water (such as rain or dew) to infect, making it a persistent threat throughout the entire growing season. Early detection and

• Leaf stripe

  graminea is monocyclic, which means there is only one disease cycle during the cropping season. The fungus is seed-borne and this systemic infection is the [...] General Pyrenophora graminea is a disease of Barley that causes significant yield losses. Damage symptoms Symptoms first occur on the first, second and [...] of the leaf. The leaf splits at the end which makes it look shredded. This is typical for this disease. Infected plants may be stunted and heads may be

• Spinach

  oleracea ) is an edible flowering plant of the Amarantha family that originates in Asia. It is consumed as vegetable and is rich in iron. It is grown as a vegetable [...] vegetable worldwide and growths to a height of about 30 cm. It is eaten fresh, steamed or boiled and has a high nutritional value.