dorsal thorax is covered with close-lying hairs. The eggs are white at first but rapidly turn darker. They are laid separately or in batches on the ground
Retarded growth and defoliation reduce yield. Plant sap is rich in sugars, but has a low protein content. Aphids therefore need to extract large quantities
fastest at 18-25 °C. High relative humidity (RH) promotes germination of spores but inhibits spore production, so the net effect of the RH is very small. Wind
developing a greyish colour and a black cephalic capsule in the first stage, but later adopting a variety of colours such as green, brown, pink, and yellow
Retarded growth and defoliation reduce yield, Plant sap is rich in sugars, but has a low protein content. Aphids therefore need to extract large quantities
population development, predatory mites not only reduce existing pest populations but also act as a deterrent to future infestations. The presence of beneficial [...] sachets present an optimal choice. These sachets contain the same components but come in an industrially compostable plastic packaging that offers superior [...] ly. Protonymphs and deutonymphs are similar to the adults in appearance, but smaller in size. Predatory mites are typically measuring only a millimeter
serpentine leaf miner ( Liriomyza trifolii ) originates from North America, but occurs also in Europe since about 1976. The American serpentine leaf miner
These measures help create less favorable conditions for disease development but are usually not sufficient on their own under high pressure. Biological control
Good management not only results in quality fruit with longer shelf life, but also in the number of productive weeks and, therefore, in the profitability
agent for integrated pest management . Adult wasps do not feed on aphids but require only nectar and water to sustain themselves. Life cycle and appearance