• Woolly apple aphid

  aphids are produced in summer. Winged egg-laying females are produced in early autumn but their eggs do not develop. Contrary to the situation in America [...] egg-laying females are produced in autumn but their eggs do not develop further. Adult viviparous (wingless) females of the woolly aphid are 1.2-2.6 mm long [...] rootstocks. It can occasionally also be found in pear, quince and a few other woody Rosaceae. Damage symptoms Galls are often produced on infested wood. These

• Cryptolaemus montrouzieri

  late third and fourth in stars are the most voracious, consuming up to 30 mealybugs per day. 226 Beetles and larvae are most active in sunny conditions. Above [...] montrouzieri eggs are small, oval-shaped, and usually laid individually or in clusters on plant foliage or near mealybug-infested areas. They are typically y [...] yellow-white in color and may be found attached to leaves. Larval stage: Cryptolaemus montrouzieri larvae are the primary predatory stage. They are elongated

• Glasshouse potato aphid

  leaf margins. The immediate effects of piercing by the aphids are visible in lower leaves in the form of yellow patches. Heavy yellowing may even be followed [...] appearance. Antennae are marked by a number of darker bands, and their length exceeds that of the body. The legs are also long, there are two distinctive dark [...] to deformations in the growing tip of the plant. Precisely where the plant is pierced is unimportant. The piercing of the lower leaves in the crop can cause

• Oleander aphid

  (apterae) are yellow with black cornicles, antennae, legs, and cauda (tip of abdomen). Nymphs are similar to apterae in appearance except that they are smaller [...] to 2.6 mm in length. Females are viviparous and parthenogenetic, meaning that they deposit nymphs rather than eggs and that the progeny are clones of the [...] is cosmopolitan, and can be found in tropical to warm temperate regions throughout the world. It probably originated in the Mediterranean region, the origin

• Diamond back moth

  diamond back moth (Plutella xylostella) are initially yellow or pale green and later darken. They are deposited singly or in small groups of two or ten eggs on [...] instar, which mines in the leaf tissue, the larvae are voracious surface feeders. The pupae of the diamond back moth (Plutella xylostella) are covered with a [...] often stick to leaves and frequently hide in crevices near the bud. In cauliflower and broccoli, pupation may occur in the florets. Initially, the pupa is

• Rose aphid

  is dark in colour. The siphunculi are black and bent outwards. The rose aphid usually overwinters on rose bushes in the egg stage, although in mild winter [...] colonies of aphids can build up on roses in spring and summer; sometimes shoots are completely covered by aphids. In summer, winged aphids spread the infestation [...] widely spread in Europe. Damage symptoms Infestations with rose aphids retard the growth of buds and new shoots. Foliage and flowers are often disfigured

• Spotted Wing Drosophila

  drosophila Adult spotted-wing drosophila are small, 2-3 mm in lengthg, and have a wingspan of 6-8 mm. Males are smaller than females. They can be easily [...] Eggs are white, 0.6 long and 0.2 mm wide. Each egg has two respiratory tubes which stick out of the fruit. There are three larval instars and in the third [...] the start of its invasion in 2008/2009, the spotted wing drosophila, which is originally from Asia, has spread extensively in North and South America and

• Cutworms

  may be encountered in the soil in a characteristic, circular position. Pupa are brown to dark brown and 17-25 mm long. Females are capable of laying several [...] covered with close-lying hairs. The eggs are white at first but rapidly turn darker. They are laid separately or in batches on the ground, or on the plant [...] General Cutworms ( Agrotis spp.) are occurring worldwide. Important species are for instance the black cutworm Agrotis ipsilon and the turnip moth Agrotis

• Tomato leafminer

  place in the soil or on the surface of a leaf, in a curled leaf or in a mine. If they leave the mines they build silk cocoons on the leaflets or in the soil [...] absoluta ) are grey-brown with filiform antennae, alternating light or dark segments and recurved labial palps, that are well developed. Black spots are present [...] symptoms of damage done by the tomato leaf miner ( Tuta absoluta) are the blotch-shaped mines in the leaves. Caterpillars prefer leaves and stems, but they may

• Pomegranate wilt complex

  Sclerotium, Macrophomina, Phytophthora are occasionally associated with fungi. Symptoms Affected plants show yellowing in some branches or twigs followed by [...] The entire tree dies in few months. Dark greyish brown to black colouration of wood below bark and vascular discoloured bands in the stem and roots. Disease [...] Disease cycle The fungus survives for more than 7 years in infected plant debris and soil. The pathogen spreads through planting material, root grafts,