Caterpillars

crops. The most harmful caterpillars that occur in greenhouses belong to the Noctuidae (the noctuid or owl moths), which is the largest of all lepidopteran [...] family, the Tortricidae. The name ‘leafroller’ refers to the fact that the caterpillars often live in rolled-up leaves. Although some species are restricted [...] making them difficult to detect and control. In addition to consumption of the plant, caterpillars also spoil the plant with the large quantities of frass

Tea mosquito bug

appendages. The life cycle is completed in 15 to 20 days in summer and 45 to 60 days in winter. It has several generations per year and in extreme winter [...] stages which suck the sap from young leaves, tender stems and buds. The toxic saliva of the insect is injected to the plant tissues at the time of feeding [...] 500 eggs. The eggs are laid in all tender parts of the plant. The freshly hatched nymphs are look like spidery in general appearance due to its elongate

Click beetles

laid in May or June in groups in the soil. They hatch about one month later and the larvae start to feed on roots. The larvae (‘wireworms’) are long, thin [...] larvae pupate in the soil in summer. The adults appear about 4 weeks after pupation, but usually remain in the soil until the following spring. [...] feed on the roots of many plants. Damage symptoms The click beetles feed on the roots and bore into the base of plants. This can cause the plants to wilt

Tomato leaf miner

roughly one hour the larva crawls out of the leaf and falls to the ground. This occurs in the early morning. The larva crawls into the ground to pupate. A small [...] Asia. In warmer regions, the insect is found outdoors but in temperate regions it only occurs in greenhouses. The tomato leaf miner has been found in greenhouses [...] indirectly. The most direct damage is caused by the larvae mining the leaf tissue, leading to desiccation, premature leaf-fall and cosmetic damage. In (sub-)tropical

Pomegranate bacterial blight

weather favours the disease development and further spread. Management Spray Veni GoKlean at the rate of 1.25 to 1.5 ml per litre of water at 10 to 12 days intervals [...] reduced plant health leads to swift development of bacterial blight. Symptoms Development of water-soaked spots which turns to dark black colour oily appearance [...] appearance on leaves results in premature defoliation. The pathogen also infects branches and stem as water soaked necrotic spots causing girdling and cracking

Spotted Wing Drosophila

Larval feeding in the fruit leads to fruit tissue collapse. Even if the fruits have not collapsed, the occurrence of larvae within the fruit makes them [...] strong saw-like ovipositor that is used to penetrate the skin of the host fruit and for laying the egg into the fruit. Eggs are white, 0.6 long and 0.2 [...] tubes which stick out of the fruit. There are three larval instars and in the third instar the larvae are about 3.9 mm long. The pupae of Drosophila suzukii

Rancho Los Pinos is nature's ally

competitiveness in international markets. Thanks to the use of Koppert's biological systems, producers around the world have reduced their impact on the environment [...] Renowned for quality and committed to sustainability and workforce well-being, they are a benchmark in the industry. Founded in 1950 by Don Luis Rodríguez Aviña [...] distributed to markets in Asia, Europe, North America, and domestically. The large production scale, high water demand, and pest pressures challenge the Los Pinos

Cottony cushion scale

period of 2 to 3 months. After leaving the egg sac, the crawlers settle along the midribs and veins of the leaves. The next two instars migrate to the larger [...] running lengthwise over the surface. The ovisac may reach the same length as the body, giving an overall combined length of up to 20 mm. The 'females' are actually [...] General The cottony cushion scale, Icerya purchasi , is considered to have originated in Australia. It was accidentally introduced to California in about

Western flower thrips

causing the surrounding tissue to die. The resulting silver-grey patches on leaves and the black dots of their excreta indicate their presence in the crop [...] insect. The eggs of the western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) are laid in leaves, flower petals and in the soft parts of stalks. They are inserted [...] occidentalis) usually pupate in the ground, although pupae can also be found on leaves, in flowers or in other sheltered places. The prepupal and pupal instars

American serpentine leaf miner

falls to the ground. This occurs in the early morning. The larva crawls into the ground to pupate. A small percentage of the larvae remain hanging on the [...] miners cause damage to plants both directly and indirectly. The most direct damage is caused by the larvae mining the leaf tissue, leading to desiccation, premature [...] hard to distinguish from feeding spots. The larvae of Liriomyza trifolii are entirely ochre-yellow. When the larva hatches from the egg, it begins to eat