• Cutworms

  occasionally tunnel into the growing stalk, disrupting the sap flow in the plant. Life cycle and appearance of Cutworms The adults of Agrotis spp. have pale [...] capable of laying several hundred eggs. There are six to seven larval stages. Pupation takes place in the ground. Depending on the temperature, the development [...] Important species are for instance the black cutworm Agrotis ipsilon and the turnip moth Agrotis segetum . The larvae of these moths usually feed on roots

• Tobacco whitefly

  peppers, yellowing of the flower stalks in gerbera, and serious yellowing of the leaves of French beans. Other symptoms include the appearance of chlorotic patches [...] tobacco in Greece in 1889, hence the name tabaci . It has subsequently been found in most tropical and subtropical countries of the world. The original [...] adult. The larvae are found on the underside of young leaves and have an oval shape. The first instar larvae (crawlers) are mobile, whereas the rest of the

• Codling moth

  spring. Larvae still in the apples at harvest can often be found in cracks in apple boxes or other places in the store. [...] It is very common in Europe. Damage symptoms After invading the fruit, the larvae first form a small cavity just under the skin. The entry hole can be seen [...] plugged by dry frass. The larva then burrows towards the core and eats a large proportion of the flesh, leaving behind brown frass. The entry point is then

• Crop Monitoring and Scouting

  promptly detect the presence of pests and respond accordingly. Benefits of crop monitoring and scouting One of the most critical aspects of crop scouting [...] Understanding crop monitoring and scouting In the world of agriculture and horticulture, the phrase "knowledge is power" couldn't be truer. Crop monitoring [...] can determine the success or failure of a harvest. These essential techniques provide growers with insights into the health and growth of their crops, enabling

• Pear

  Asia. The pear tree belongs to the family of Rosaceae and sub family of Pomoideae , together with the apple and quince. The genus Pyrus consists of around [...] are grown in Asia, Europe and northern Africa. The European or common pear is a perennial, deciduous tree and cultivated for its fruit. The tree grows [...] About The so-called European pear or common pear ( Pyrus communis ) is a pear species that originates in central and eastern Europe and southwest Asia

• Rose aphid

  females of the rose aphid are 1.7-3.6 mm long and green or deep pink to red-brown. The antennae and sometimes the head is dark in colour. The siphunculi [...] appearance of Rose aphid Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour. In greenhouses [...] siphunculi are black and bent outwards. The rose aphid usually overwinters on rose bushes in the egg stage, although in mild winter some adults may continue to

• Glasshouse potato aphid

  deformations in the growing tip of the plant. Precisely where the plant is pierced is unimportant. The piercing of the lower leaves in the crop can cause [...] leaves and curled leaf margins. The immediate effects of piercing by the aphids are visible in lower leaves in the form of yellow patches. Heavy yellowing [...] alternation of hosts, and the two types of life cycles occur on the same host plant. The aphid can overwinter not only in greenhouses, but also outdoors in sheltered

• Orchid

  About The orchid is part of an extremely large and diverse of flowering plants, the Orchidaceae or the orchid family . The plant’s flower are usually colourful [...] no less than 28,000 known species, divided in about 763 genera. In addition, the flowers of orchids come in many different arrangements. Some only have [...] consist of many flowers. The majority of orchids which are commercially sold is tropical or subtropical. There are varieties however that grow in colder

• Beet armyworm

  es for the growth of the crop. With a substantial population of caterpillars, the damage can spread to the stems, and in the worst cases to the fruit. [...] plants. In both the greenhouse and the field, it is a major pest of sweet pepper. Damage symptoms Older caterpillars migrate to the top of the plant where [...] even black. The colour and pattern of the caterpillars is highly variable and depends partly on the host plant, the stage of development and the climate.

• American serpentine leaf miner

  exit hole in the leaf with its mouth parts. After roughly one hour the larva crawls out of the leaf and falls to the ground. This occurs in the early morning [...] for the identification of the species. Indirect damage arises when disease causing fungi or bacteria enter the plant tissue via the feeding spots. Life cycle [...] appearance of American serpentine leaf miner The life cycle of a leaf miner has the following stages: egg, three larval instars, a pupal instar and the adult