Root and crown rot of strawberry

crown and root of strawberry. Plant development is slow, growth is retarded and rooting is poor. Transplants look weak and may die. It is hard to visually [...] clavispora in the case of root and crown rot (of strawberry), first found in The Netherlands, and Pestalotiopsis longisetula in the case of leaf spots, such [...] spot of strawberry and fruit rot reported mainly from Brazil. The genus is quite complex, so the taxonomy may change. Pestalotiopsis clavispora is also

Southern blight

affected plants present girdling of the stem, which causes wilting of the upper part, necrosis, loss of leaves, and death of the plant. Symptoms begin with [...] cause necrosis of the young tissues and softening of the stem, cotyledons, and roots. The main damage caused by damping-off is reduction of the stand, meaning [...] fungus Athelia (Sclerotium) rolfsii is characterized by the production of vigorous mycelium. When the mycelium is young it is white; later it darkens. There

Leaf stripe

graminea is monocyclic, which means there is only one disease cycle during the cropping season. The fungus is seed-borne and this systemic infection is the [...] General Pyrenophora graminea is a disease of Barley that causes significant yield losses. Damage symptoms Symptoms first occur on the first, second and [...] the base of the leaf and the leaf sheath. They gradually extend and become brown and chlorotic and may merge. Eventually this leads to the death of the leaf

Black root rot of cucurbits

es) Black root rot of cucurbits General Phomopsis sclerotioides is a plant pathogen infecting cucurbits, causing black root rot of cucurbits. Life cycle [...] cycle and appearance of Black root rot of cucurbits Phomopsis sclerotioides survives in the soil and is a strong saprophytic competitor, which means it can [...] stripes. The disease is usually restricted to a few of the roots but in severe cases all roots may be infected. At the final stage of the disease, only vascular

Fusarium wilt

General Fusarium is a group of soil-borne fungi with many different species. Fusarium is widespread and can infect a range of host crops. Many species [...] Survival is also possible on seed, greenhouse structures, tools and machinery. Primary infection is either seed-borne or takes place as infection of the roots [...] Prevent stress for the plants Ensure there is adequate soil drainage Apply nitrogen in the form of nitrate instead of ammonium Prevent damage during harvest

Powdery mildew

General Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that is caused by many different species of fungi such as Erysiphe, Podosphaera, Oïdium, Leveillula. Damage [...] underside of the leaf. On the upper side, yellow spots are noticeable. In case of a severe epidemic, the fluffy colonies also appear on the upper side of the [...] fungus causing powdery mildew is extremely sensitive to water and ‘hides’ on the underside of the leaves. Therefore, this is where the colonies mostly occur

Pea blight, leaf and pod spot

which orange-red masses of two-celled conidia are exuded. Secondary infection is by splash dispersal of these conidia. There is no known sexual stage. Ascochyta [...] at the stem base but is not part of the foot rot syndrome in peas. Infected seeds may have brown areas. Life cycle and appearance of Pea blight, leaf and [...] General Ascochyta pisi is a fungal plant pathogen that causes A scochyta blight on pea (leaf blight or pea blight) and lesions of stems, leaves, and pods

Charcoal rot

Macrophomina phaseolina is a common soil fungus in warmer regions, causing charcoal rot. It has a very wide range of host crops, many of which are economically [...] symptoms In strawberry, this pathogen causes wilting of foliage, stunting of plants and drying and death of older leaves. The youngest central leaves usually [...] on of the internal tissues of the main roots. In most crops, necrotic lesions on the roots are the first symptoms, followed by wilting, dropping of leaves

Angular leaf spot

most important, but also all types of vascular tissue of the crown can be infected, creating a look similar to that of a Phytophthora fragariae infection [...] and form a secondary source of infection. They are dispersed by rain, irrigation water or handling of the plants. Infection of the plants happens both passively [...] lesions on the underside of the leaf. They enlarge to angular spots, often limited by the small veins. The distinctive feature is the way the lesions look

Pierce's disease of grapevine

General Xylella fastidiosa is a gram-negative bacterium which is limited to xylem tissue. It has many hosts, many of which show minor or no symptoms. More [...] Recently, it is becoming more problematic in olive. Damage symptoms Grapevines: Primary infection of leaves results in leaf scorch. Part of a green leaf [...] plums): In peach, the canopy of infected plants is compact and umbrella-like due to the shorter internodes. The foliage is denser and the leaves are a darker