Root rot of carrot

in nonsterile soil remained viable at 0°C and 3°C for 12 months, at 6°C for 6 months, and at 12°C for 2 months, indicating a capacity to overwinter in cold [...] lesions. Continuous light is best for in vitro sporulation. Spore germination in vitro requires free water. The pH for growth, sporulation, and spore g [...] germination ranges from 3.4 to 7.1 (optimum 4.2–4.7). This affinity for acidic conditions may explain the concentration of this disease in the rather acidic

Fusarium wilt

may die and the soil may not be suitable for planting for many years to come. Solution Finder Find solutions for your crop Damage symptoms How to prevent [...] cycle, is similar to that of most Fusarium species. Fusarium overwinters for many years in the soil and on crop residues of infected plants as chlamydospores [...] takes place as infection of the roots at the root tip or in small wounds, for example where lateral roots branch off from the tap root. Damage symptoms

Loose smut of barley

and compensated for Use resistant cultivars Perform field checks for infected seed and prevent the use of seeds from infected fields for further cropping [...] contains a mass of olive-brown smut spores. Solution Finder Find solutions for your crop Damage symptoms How to prevent Loose smut of barley Use clean seed:

Loose smut of wheat

and compensated for Use resistant cultivars Perform field checks for infected seed and prevent the use of seeds from infected fields for further cropping [...] contains a mass of olive-brown smut spores. Solution Finder Find solutions for your crop Damage symptoms How to prevent Loose smut of wheat Use clean seed:

Bacterial wilt, brown rot

conditions favourable for the bacteria, the whole plant will wilt soon after the first symptoms appear. When conditions are less conducive for disease development [...] tomato. Whereas other races have optimum temperatures of 35-37 °C, the optimum for Race 3 is 27 °C, which makes it more dangerous in temperate regions. It survives [...] h it from Verticillium or Fusarium wilts. Solution Finder Find solutions for your crop Damage symptoms How to prevent Bacterial wilt, brown rot Use disease

Downy mildew of Cucurbits

the stomata or directly by penetrating the cuticula. For germination free water is required. For most downy mildews, the optimum temperature is around [...] the pathogens extruding from the stomata. Solution Finder Find solutions for your crop Damage symptoms How to prevent Downey mildew Choose resistant cultivars [...] plant diseases by optimizing plant potential and crop resilience. Recommended for you

Dwarf bunt

in the next season. The optimum temperature for germination is 3-8 °C and it takes three to ten weeks for germination. The seedlings are infected after [...] infection. The soil-borne teliospores may survive in soil without suitable host for as long as ten years. Seed-borne transmission does occur, but is less important [...] with Tilletia tritici and Tilletia laevis Solution Finder Find solutions for your crop Damage symptoms How to prevent Dwarf bunt Use resistant cultivars

Blight of pepper

temperatures between 15 and 23 °C and higher water content than is optimal for crop growth. Phytophthora overwinters in roots, infected tubers and bulbs [...] either by germinating sporangia or by zoospores produced in the sporangia. For germination on above-ground plant parts, leaf wetness is required. Dispersal [...] the water content of the soil or substrate is higher than normal or optimal for crop growth. Damage symptoms Phytophthora causes root rot, seedling damping

Verticillium wilt

Life cycle and appearance of Verticillium wilt Verticillium dahliae survives for prolonged time periods (many years) in the soil as microsclerotia, small hard [...] fungus infects the roots of plants, directly or through wounds caused by for example nematodes. The fungus then grows into the vessels of the plant and [...] Verticillium can also be seed-borne and tuber-borne. The optimum temperature for Verticillium albo-atrum is 21 °C and growth stops above 30 °C, whereas Ve

Root and crown rot of strawberry

much or too little water), or that are damaged by for example handling or pests. Optimum temperature for Pestalotiopsis clavispora is 19-23 °C and high humidity [...] trays, tools, gutters etc. between subsequent crops Disinfect water used for irrigation Prevent plant diseases by optimizing plant potential and crop