• Melon thrips

  General It is polyphagous pest and has been recorded more than 36 plants families. Damage symptoms Nymphs and adults are damaging stage. Infested leaves [...] on leaves, less damage to buds and flowers. In addition to direct damage, it also transmits virus from infected to healthy plants. Life cycle and appearance [...] pale white in colour. The nymphs resemble the adults in general body form but it lacks wings and are smaller. Nymph development time is dependent on temperature

• Dwarf bunt

  General Tilletia controversa is a plant pathogen. It is a fungus known to cause the smut disease TCK smut in soft white and hard red winter wheats, as [...] in the next season. The optimum temperature for germination is 3-8 °C and it takes three to ten weeks for germination. The seedlings are infected after

• Diglyphus isaea

  within the order Hymenoptera . It is widely recognized for its role as a biological control agent for leaf miner control. Its ability to effectively target [...] remains beside its host, punctures it and sucks it empty from the outside, as a result of which the leaf miner larva dies. A few days after being parasitized [...] leafminers during its development. The wasp’s feeding rate and efficacy can vary with the density of leafminer infestations, allowing it to adapt to changing

• Black leg of seedlings

  General Pythium is considered a ‘weak pathogen’, meaning that it can usually only affect plants that are in a sub-optimal condition or suffer from stress [...] Oomycetes, a separate group of microorganisms and is therefore not a real fungus. It survives as oospores, resting spores which are resistant to unfavourable

• Corn earworm

  features are its size in the final instar (approximately 35 mm) and its longitudinal stripes on the body. When the larva has fully developed, it stops feeding [...] organelle, leaving an entry hole as their only visible trace, which makes it necessary to open the crop to detect the pest. Life cycle and appearance of [...] bury itself around 10-12 cm deep. This prepupal stage takes one to two days. It then pupates for ten to fourteen days, or three to five months in areas with

• Asian citrus psyllid

  citrus in several countries as it is a vector of a serious citrus disease called greening disease or Huanglongbing. It is widely distributed in southern [...] destruction of several citrus industries in Asia and Africa. In North America, it has spread through most of the southern states and Mexico however the state [...] vectored disease. Damage symptoms The psyllid is a sucking insect that inserts its mouthparts into plant tissue to feed. Adults feed on young stems and on leaves

• Lemon

  Citrus limon is a medium, evergreen tree of the Rutaceae family. It is characterized by its aromatic sour taste. [...] About Grown mainly for its juice, this well-known yellow citrus fruit is used widely for culinary and other domestic purposes throughout the world. Citrus

• Mango

  ‘common mango’ or ‘Indian mango’, Mangifera indica , found its way to the rest of the world and it has become one of the largest cultivated products in the [...] the tropics. Mango trees grow up to 35-40 meters (115-131 feet) tall and its crown can expand to 10 metres (33 feet) wide. The trees can grow really old [...] old and from some species of trees, mangoes can be harvested for 300 years. It takes three to six months for mangoes to ripen.

• Lettuce

  to the daisy family, Asteraceae. It is a hardy annual that is easy to cultivate and most often grown for its leaves. It is, however, often plagued on by

• Spinach

  originates in Asia. It is consumed as vegetable and is rich in iron. It is grown as a vegetable worldwide and growths to a height of about 30 cm. It is eaten fresh