• Cercospora leaf spot

  Disease Cycle Cercospora leaf spots can be caused by many species of Cercospora species depending on the plant type infected. Infected seeds, infected [...] plant debris are primary source of infection. Secondary spread is through air borne conidia. High humidity favours the spread of the disease and severity. The [...] ability to overwinter in plant debris and remains in the field for long time. Management Spray Veni GoKlean at the rate 1.25 to 1.5 ml per litre of water

• Southern blight

  General Grey rot or southern blight is a disease caused by the fungus Athelia (Sclerotium) rolfsii . It is an important plant pathogen that inhabits the [...] the soil, and is responsible for root and stem rot, wilting and damping-off of seedlings. It has a wide range of hosts, around 500 botanical species, including [...] distributed in all agricultural regions, predominantly in tropical and subtropical areas, where conditions of high humidity and high temperature followed by periods

• Dwarf bunt

  controversa is a plant pathogen. It is a fungus known to cause the smut disease TCK smut in soft white and hard red winter wheats, as well as dwarf bunt [...] The glumes are opened either on some or on all spikelets, showing the bunt (smut spore) they contain, which is larger than a normal kernel. The bunt balls [...] rupture at harvest and release black, powdery spores, that smell like fish, hence the common name stinking bunt. Additionally, plants only reach a fraction

• Loose smut of barley

  Ustilago nuda f.sp. hordei affects barley and can destroy a large proportion of the crop. It is also known as barley smut, or loose smut of barley. Damage [...] symptoms Infection by Ustilago nuda f. sp. hordei r emains invisible until head emergence. The first sign of infection is the appearance of a smutted ear. Instead [...] Instead of normal tissue, the ear contains a mass of olive-brown smut spores. Life cycle and appearance of Loose smut of barley The seeds are infected

• Fusarium head blight or scab

  General Fusarium is a group of soil-borne fungi with many different species. Fusarium is widespread and can infect a range of host crops. Many species [...] species are considered weak pathogens and can only infect wounded or stressed host plants. Damage symptoms Fusarium fungi cause vascular wilt, root rot, foot [...] head blight in cereals, such as wheat (fusarium head blight wheat) and post-harvest decay. Life cycle and appearance of Fusarium head blight or scab Most

• Pierce's disease of grapevine

  Xylella fastidiosa is a gram-negative bacterium which is limited to xylem tissue. It has many hosts, many of which show minor or no symptoms. More and [...] discovered as hosts. Xylella fastidiosa is best known in grapevine, stone fruit (peach and plum) and citrus, where it causes diseases such as Pierce's disease [...] disease of grapevines, phony peach disease, plum leaf scald, citrus variegated chlorosis and quick decline syndrome. Recently, it is becoming more problematic

• Bacterial spot

  Xanthomonas vesicatoria is a bacterium that causes bacterial leaf spot on peppers and tomatoes. Damage symptoms Xanthomonas vesicatoria in tomato causes small [...] water-soaked spots on leaves which are first round and become more angular as they grow. The centre of the lesions may fall out as they become drier. Under [...] spots may merge with lesions on the petioles and stems and form long dark streaks. On fruits, first small black specks are seen on green fruits. The specks

• Brown root rot, corky root rot

  lycopersici is a fungal plant pathogen, infecting tomatoes and aubergine. It causes brown root rot and corky root rot. Damage symptoms The first signs of this [...] poorly looking plants in localized areas of the greenhouse or field. The affected plants may wilt. Also, interveinal chlorosis of leaves and premature [...] occur. Looking at the roots, there are three different symptoms. Small feeder roots rot completely. Small roots may show smooth brown lesions. On older roots

• Leaf stripe

  General Pyrenophora graminea is a disease of Barley that causes significant yield losses. Damage symptoms Symptoms first occur on the first, second and third [...] third leaf and subsequently on other leaves. Yellow stripes are formed at the base of the leaf and the leaf sheath. They gradually extend and become brown [...] leads to the death of the leaf. The leaf splits at the end which makes it look shredded. This is typical for this disease. Infected plants may be stunted

• Bacterial soft rot, bacterial stem rot

  carotovora . It is one of the pectolytic bacteria causing extensive bacterial rots (bacterial soft rot, bacterial stem rot). Damage symptoms In tomato, Erwinia [...] carotovora or Pectobacterium carovora causes bacterial stem rot as well as soft rot. Stem rot is first noticed when plants wilt at the time of first harvest [...] harvest or after that. The pith disintegrates and the stem becomes hollow. Because of the bacterial growth in the pith, the stem seems wet and slimy. Above