orange, light yellow or light green to dark green, red, brown, or almost black.
sticky glue. Available colours and sizes Colours : yellow, blue, white, red, black and transparent Standard sizes: 5, 15 and 30 cm x 100 m 15 cm width is also
long. They have six instars that vary in colour from light tan to green to black. They have a distinct white inverted Y-shaped mark on the front of the head
Agrotis spp.) are occurring worldwide. Important species are for instance the black cutworm Agrotis ipsilon and the turnip moth Agrotis segetum . The larvae
effect Trialeurodes vaporariorum pupae parasitized by Encarsia formosa turn black, Bemisia tabaci pupae become brownish. Whitefly pupae parasitized by Eretmocerus
surrounding tissue to die. The resulting silver-grey patches on leaves and the black dots of their excreta indicate their presence in the crop. At a later stage
secreting copious amounts of honeydew and a thread-like waxy substance so black sooty mold develops on the honeydew. Their feeding damages citrus by burning
secreted in the form of honeydew, making the crop and its fruit sticky. Black fungal moulds ( Cladosporium spp.) grow on this honeydew, contaminating fruit
a total period of two to three weeks, developing a greyish colour and a black cephalic capsule in the first stage, but later adopting a variety of colours
a pupal instar and the adult fly. Adult leaf miners are small yellow and black coloured flies , at most only several millimetres long. When the adult females