Biological seed treatment

effects on the growth, resilience of the plant, abiotic stress, the development of the root system, and the productivity of the crop. An overview of positive [...] helping plants to fight off plant pathogens and minimize biotic stress; The plant growth promoting microorganisms colonize the roots and protect the crop [...] during the entire growing season. Seed treatment increases the availability of plant nutrients in the root system and increases nutrient uptake; The enhanced

Verticillium wilt

orange-yellow. In the beginning the plant seems to recover at night. The symptoms may occur only in parts of the plant. Cutting the stalk horizontally [...] presence of both the fungus and the gum causes the xylem vessels to get blocked, which in turn causes the plant to wilt. Spores may be wind-dispersed to new [...] residues. The fungus infects the roots of plants, directly or through wounds caused by for example nematodes. The fungus then grows into the vessels of the plant

Bacterial wilt, brown rot

bacterial slime oozing from the cut. When the bacteria transfers to young plants through infected tubers, the wilting and collapse of plants happens rapidly. Leaves [...] signs of wilting during the day which may disappear in the early stages of infection. Under conditions favourable for the bacteria, the whole plant will [...] roots on the stem. The vascular stem tissue is coloured brown and when the stem is cut, bacterial slime oozes from the wound. This is the way to distinguish

About Koppert

About Koppert The answers to many of today’s agricultural and environmental challenges are already out there: in nature itself. At Koppert, we explore [...] natural enemies to control pests, bumblebees for pollination, and microbials that support, protect, and strengthen crops. Improving plant health both above

Angular leaf spot

lesions on the underside of the leaf. They enlarge to angular spots, often limited by the small veins. The distinctive feature is the way the lesions look [...] appearance of Angular leaf spot Xanthomonas fragariae overwinters in plants and dead leaves, that become the primary source of infection in the spring. The bacteria [...] ooze from the lesions on the leaves and form a secondary source of infection. They are dispersed by rain, irrigation water or handling of the plants. Infection

Flies

damage to crops both directly and indirectly. The type of damage depends on the species of the flies. Direct damage is the immediate result of larvae feeding [...] small flies of the families Sciaridae (sciarid flies) and Ephydridae (shore flies). The larvae of these insects generally live on rotting plant material and [...] problem due to their large number. Larvae of flies of the family Keroplatidae (mainly Lyprauta sp.) can cause damage in potted orchids. The Spotted Wing

Cottony soft rot

infects the stem base and the roots, whereas the ascospores infect the above-ground plant parts. In greenhouses, usually only mycelium is produced by the germinating [...] germinating sclerotia. The fungus grows quite rapidly inside the plant and kills the host cells. On the infected plant tissue white, fluffy mycelium occurs [...] sclerotia. The fungus also infects seeds and tubers, thereby creating a source of infection for the next crop. The dispersal to neighbouring plants is by mycelial

Cercospora leaf spot

humidity favours the spread of the disease and severity. The fungus has the ability to overwinter in plant debris and remains in the field for long time [...] many species of Cercospora species depending on the plant type infected. Infected seeds, infected plants and plant debris are primary source of infection [...] Veni GoKlean at the rate 1.25 to 1.5 ml per litre of water at 12-15 days intervals as preventative spray and or after recognition of the disease symptoms

Grape powdery mildew

patches on the affected plant parts. All the above ground plant parts are susceptible to infection. Powdery growth on both the surface of the leaves. Affected [...] malformed, cracking of skin of berries, shred and rarely ripe. No fruit formation if the infection occurs early. Disease cycle Powdery growth of the fungus consists [...] consists of mycelium, conidiophores and conidia. Dormant mycelium and conidia in infected shoots and buds spread through air from plant to plant. Warm temperature

Apple scab

available. They infect the plant by direct penetration of the cuticula and then grow between the cuticula and the epidermis of the plant cells. This causes [...] through the cuticula. The asexual conidia are released and repeat the cycle of infection of new plant parts and spore production. In autumn, the fungus [...] have already fallen off the trees. In response to the infection, the plants produce cork as a defence against further growth of the fungus. In cultivars that