• Cut flowers

  Argentina to Mexico and the Caribbean. Is grown from a bulb as a cut flower or sold as a pot plant. Freesia : The freesia is a herbaceous perennial flowering plant [...] decades, the Hydrangea has been grown as a cut flower in all sorts of colors and sizes. Hippeastrum is the Latin name for a bulbous plant that originates from [...] freesias are graceful funnel-shaped hybrids, descended from a number of freesias. Lily : Lilium is a genus of herbaceous flowering plants. Most lilies originate

• Pea blight, leaf and pod spot

  General Ascochyta pisi is a fungal plant pathogen that causes A scochyta blight on pea (leaf blight or pea blight) and lesions of stems, leaves, and pods [...] sunken and surrounded by a dark brown to red-brown border. The first infection is often on the primary leaves. The fungus is seed borne and thus also causes [...] preferred name Phoma medicaginis var. pinodella ) causes foot rot in peas, whereas Ascochyta pisi does occur sometimes at the stem base but is not part

• Click beetles

  death and then suddenly propel themselves into the air with a audible click. Hence their name. Their larvae are called wireworms and feed on the roots of [...] General Click beetles are elongate beetles with a hard exoskeleton, with the head deeply retracted into the thorax. When disturbed they lie on their back [...] into the base of plants. This can cause the plants to wilt and die. Damage is more severe in young plants. Life cycle and appearance of Click beetles Adult

• Cottony soft rot

  as cottony soft root, is a plant pathogenic fungus. It has a very wide range of host plants. Damage symptoms The first symptoms of a cottony soft root ( [...] seeds and tubers, thereby creating a source of infection for the next crop. The dispersal to neighbouring plants is by mycelial growth. How to prevent [...] White, fluffy fungal mycelium grows on the lesions, giving this disease its name cottony soft rot. In the mycelium, big, dark sclerotia are formed. They can

• Crazy roots, hairy roots, crown gall

  yet been defined. The assumption is that the bacteria survive in the soil, but it is possible that first infection is from the propagation material. Infection [...] Agrobacterium rhizogenes and Agrobacterium rubi, n ow the first part of the name is changed to Rhizobium. Rhizobium rhizogenes or Rhizobium radiobacter causes [...] seems to be caused by a change in the hormonal system of the plant resulting from the Rhizobium infection. Rhizobium rhizogenes puts a Ri-plasmid in the plant

• Gummy stem blight

  General Mycosphaerella cucumis (Didymella bryoniae) is a fungal plant pathogen that causes gummy stem blight. Damage symptoms Mycosphaerella cucumis in [...] cropping: Remove all crop debris and disinfect the greenhouse Choose a cultivar that is less susceptible to internal fruit rot Use clean propagation material [...] up on the stem. On the lesions, golden-brown gummy drops occur, hence the name gummy stem blight. On the lesions, black specks, the new fruiting bodies

• Wheat bunt

  on all spikelets, showing the bunt (smut spore) they contain, which is larger than a normal kernel. The bunt balls are grey-brown. They rupture at harvest [...] contaminate healthy kernels, which in turn become a source of disease in the next season. Infection is strongly correlated to temperature and precipitation [...] tritici and Tilletia laevis only differ in one gene and easily hybridize. There is debate whether they should indeed be considered separate species, since they

• Dwarf bunt

  General Tilletia controversa is a plant pathogen. It is a fungus known to cause the smut disease TCK smut in soft white and hard red winter wheats, as [...] on all spikelets, showing the bunt (smut spore) they contain, which is larger than a normal kernel. The bunt balls are grey-brown. They rupture at harvest [...] powdery spores, that smell like fish, hence the common name stinking bunt. Additionally, plants only reach a fraction of their normal height. Spikes are generally

• Spotted Wing Drosophila

  SWD females by a large dark spot on each wing, where their common name is derived from. Females have a strong saw-like ovipositor that is used to penetrate [...] the start of its invasion in 2008/2009, the spotted wing drosophila, which is originally from Asia, has spread extensively in North and South America and [...] increase its susceptibility to attack by other Drosophila species. D. suzukii has a wide host range, with thin-skinned berries (e.g. raspberries, blackberries

• Cutworms

  cutting the stems of young plants. This is where their common name comes from. Cutworms are vey polyphagous and have a wide host range. Damage symptoms Early [...] from these instars is usually observed as a cutting of young seedlings, often causing death of the cut seedlings. Sometimes wilting is observed because of [...] forewings with a faint kidney-shaped marking and a red spot. They have broad hindwings, evenly light or dark grey or orange-yellow with a broad dark marginal