renamed Pectobacterium carotovora . It is one of the pectolytic bacteria causing extensive bacterial rots (bacterial soft rot, bacterial stem rot).…
xylem tissues which distinguishes it from wilts caused by Verticillium or Fusarium . Progressive disease causes more and more destruction of the root…
feeding on them produces snake-like mine. This causes the leaves to curl and twist. Severe infestation causes the leaves turn pale, curl badly, dry…
of crops. Even within one crop, different formae speciales may occur and cause different symptoms. Fusarium oxysporum is the only Fusarium that…
chewing mouthparts and can devour large amounts of plant tissue. Many species cause damage to crops. The most harmful caterpillars that occur in…
Apple collar rot General Phytophthora cactorum is a plant pathogen that causes root rot, rhizome rot of strawberry, apple rot, apple collar rot and…
General Phomopsis sclerotioides is a plant pathogen infecting cucurbits, causing black root rot of cucurbits. Life cycle and appearance of Black root…
to determine in practice which substance will cause an allergic reaction. An allergy can also be caused by other triggers, or a combination of…
Maconellicoccus hirsutus Grape mealy bug General Mealy bug causes increasing threat to grape cultivation which leads to considerable yield loss. Life…
Damage symptoms Thrips cause damage to plants by piercing the cells of the surface tissues and sucking out their contents, causing the surrounding…
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