Cottony soft rot

cottony soft root, is a plant pathogenic fungus. It has a very wide range of host plants. Damage symptoms The first symptoms of a cottony soft root ( S [...] Germination and infection mostly take place at high soil water content over a prolonged period of time. The sclerotia germinate directly and form mycelium [...] dark sclerotia. The fungus also infects seeds and tubers, thereby creating a source of infection for the next crop. The dispersal to neighbouring plants

Black root rot of cucurbits

infection in this stage may kill the plants. In case of a less severe infection, the vines may wilt at a late stage of the crop, but when water supply is in [...] sclerotioides) Black root rot of cucurbits General Phomopsis sclerotioides is a plant pathogen infecting cucurbits, causing black root rot of cucurbits. Life [...] root rot of cucurbits Phomopsis sclerotioides survives in the soil and is a strong saprophytic competitor, which means it can rapidly colonize ‘clean’

Aphidius ervi

control with the parasitic wasp Aphidius ervi Aphidius ervi is a parasitic wasp species that plays a significant role in biological control of aphids . The natural [...] weekly during the period when aphid infestation is expected. Consult a Koppert advisor or a recognized distributor of Koppert products for advice on the best [...] aphids due to disturbance by parasitoids can be very high. A parasitised aphid will turn into a leathery, golden brown mummy.

Loose smut of barley

within a day and infect the inner tissues of the newly infected seed. During maturation of the seed, the mycelium becomes thick-walled and swollen as a dormant [...] first sign of infection is the appearance of a smutted ear. Instead of normal tissue, the ear contains a mass of olive-brown smut spores. Solution Finder [...] of barley General Ustilago nuda f.sp. hordei affects barley and can destroy a large proportion of the crop. It is also known as barley smut, or loose smut

Loose smut of wheat

within a day and infect the inner tissues of the newly infected seed. During maturation of the seed, the mycelium becomes thick-walled and swollen as a dormant [...] first sign of infection is the appearance of a smutted ear. Instead of normal tissue, the ear contains a mass of olive-brown smut spores. Solution Finder [...] f.sp. tritici) Loose smut of wheat General Ustilago nuda f.sp. tritici is a basidiomyceteous fungus that affects wheat. It is also known as loose wheat

Downy mildew of Cucurbits

prevent Downey mildew Choose resistant cultivars Use a wide crop rotation with non-host crops Prevent a humid microclimate. Achieve this by lowering crop [...] General Pseudoperonospora cubensis is a plant pathogen causing downy mildew on cucurbit crops like cucumber, cantaloupe, pumpkin, watermelon and squash [...] living plant cells. The pathogens continue to grow inside the leaves and after a while new spore-bearing structures are protruding from the stomata. Because

Black rot of carrots

during harvest (in potato and carrot). Post-harvest storage at 0-1 o C. A. brassicae and A. brassicicola : adjust the sowing date to avoid conditions conducive [...] Alternaria radicina ) causes death of seedlings and dark brown lesions with a yellow halo on leaves, growing into crown rot. Infection of carrots during [...] appearance of Black rot of carrots Black rot of carrots ( Alternaria radicina ) is a seed-transferred carrot disease. The seeds are the main source of primary infection

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Early blight

during harvest (in potato and carrot). Post-harvest storage at 0-1 o C. A. brassicae and A. brassicicola : adjust the sowing date to avoid conditions conducive [...] occur on leaves. Those spots then turn into dark brown angular lesions with a yellow halo restricted by leaf veins. Lesions can easily rupture. Other symptoms [...] 2-4 °C up to 28-30 °C (optimum temperatures lie between 15 and 28 °C) and at a relative humidity (RH) of over 90% or when the leaves are wet. Small differences

Black sigatoka disease

one month old. The symptoms run parallel to the veins. Within a few days, the spots become a few centimetres in size and turn brown with light grey centres [...] brown and ultimately dies. In cases of severe infection leaves may die within a few weeks. Because of the lack of leaf tissues, fruit maturity is hampered [...] germinate within two or three hours under humid conditions, but infection takes a minimum of two or three days under optimal conditions (humidity close to saturation