• Caterpillars

  caterpillars are often found in groups, spreading out over the plant as they grow larger. As their size increases, so too does the damage they inflict: leaves [...] often skeletonized, with only the mid-rib left intact. Flowers, fruits and growing tips can also be eaten by larger caterpillars. Some species mine in leaves

• Tomato

  Central and South America and the tropical highlands. Tomato plants usually grow to a height of between 1-3 metres (or 3-10 feet). Their stem is not so strong

• Grape downy mildew

  susceptible, characteristic ‘oil spots’ on the upper surface of young, actively growing leaves, followed by downy white growth on the underside, are typical early [...] characterized by sexual overwintering and rapid asexual cycles during the growing season. The pathogen overwinters primarily as oospores in fallen leaf litter

• Fusarium spp.

  cause different symptoms. This species is the only Fusarium that actually grows inside the vascular system of the host plant and spreads upwards inside the [...] wounds, for example where lateral roots branch off the tap root. F. oxysporum grows inside the roots towards the foot of the plant and enters the vascular system

• Soybean

  cultivated for its edible beans. The fruit of the plant is a hairy pod, that grows clustered in small bunches of three to five pods. Each pod measures between

• Cucumber

  produced on most continents. The cucumber plant is a creeping vine that grows up trellises or other supporting frames. The plant supports itself with thin

• Downy mildew of Cucurbits

  take up nutrients from the living plant cells. The pathogens continue to grow inside the leaves and after a while new spore-bearing structures are protruding

• Black sigatoka disease

  from the stomata and either develop into conidiophores with new conidia or grow across the surface and infect adjacent stomata. Both types of spores can

• Faba bean

  large-seeded varieties which are cultivated for consumption. The Vicia faba grows some 0.5–1.8 m tall and is a firm plant with sturdy stems of a square cr

• Green potted plants

  of their attractive foliage, flowers and ornate red fruits. These plants grow in the shade and need a moist, well-drained, humus-rich soils. Skimmia plants