Aphids
large group of insects: the super- family Aphidoidea, belonging to the order Hemiptera . The aphids discussed here all belong to the family Aphididae, a family [...] also mate in the autumn and lay eggs which overwinter. Where mating occurs and eggs are laid, the life cycle is termed holocyclic (complete). In greenhouses [...] rise to deformed leaves, or even, if the infestation occurs early enough in the season, the death of young plants. Retarded growth and defoliation reduce yield