• Black leg of seedlings

  substrate the plant turns brown. A typical symptom of a Pythium infection is the easy stripping of the skin from the root cortex with a finger nail. Life cycle [...] Black leg of seedlings Pythium belongs to the Oomycetes, a separate group of microorganisms and is therefore not a real fungus. It survives as oospores, [...] damaged spots. On the infected plant, new sporangia with zoospores are formed, that allow the disease to spread to neighbouring plants. The zoospores disperse

• Pea blight, leaf and pod spot

  Ascochyta fungi develop most rapidly at temperatures below 20 °C and the spores require water for dispersal. How to prevent Pea blight, leaf and pod spot [...] General Ascochyta pisi is a fungal plant pathogen that causes A scochyta blight on pea (leaf blight or pea blight) and lesions of stems, leaves, and pods [...] more elongated. The lesions are light brown, sunken and surrounded by a dark brown to red-brown border. The first infection is often on the primary leaves

• Neoseiulus californicus

  m2/release. Releases should be repeated at least five times at weekly intervals. Consult a Koppert advisor or a recognized distributor of Koppert products [...] population development is much faster on a diet of spider mites than on other food sources. They can also survive longer than Phytoseiulus persimilis in the complete [...] transparent to white in colour and are deposited on the underside of the leaves. They are smaller than those of Phytoseiulus persimilis but similar to eggs of

• Cryptolaemus montrouzieri

  the ladybirds fly off in search of new prey. Sometimes the larvae resort to cannibalism under these conditions. At a temperature of 21°C, during the whole [...] beetle Cryptolaemus montrouzieri is a species of beetle belonging to the family Coccinellidae. The beneficial insect is a small but highly effective predator [...] i prefers mealybugs, this species is known to be a polyphagous predator. Sometimes other insects related to mealybugs are eaten, such as soft scales or

• Potato aphid

  world. It is a highly polyphagous species with a preference for Solanaceae (particularly potato), but has also been identified on more than 200 plant species [...] Plant sap is rich in sugars, but has a low protein content. Aphids therefore need to extract large quantities of sap to get sufficient protein. The excess [...] and disturb the balance of growth hormones. As a result, the plant’s growth is retarded giving rise to deformed leaves or, if the infestation occurs early

• Diglyphus isaea

  repeated at least 3 times at weekly intervals or until control is achieved. At low temperatures (<20°C/68°F) it might be better to use Minusa. Consult a Koppert [...] the mine by making a round hole through the upper epidermis. These round holes are the evidence that a parasitic wasp rather than a leaf miner has come [...] Diglyphus isaea is a small parasitic wasp belonging to the family Eulophidae within the order Hymenoptera . It is widely recognized for its role as a biological

• Damping-off

  substrate the plant turns brown. A typical symptom of a Pythium infection is the easy stripping of the skin from the root cortex with a finger nail. Life cycle [...] appearance of Damping-off Pythium belongs to the Oomycetes, a separate group of microorganisms and is therefore not a real fungus. It survives as oospores, [...] damaged spots. On the infected plant, new sporangia with zoospores are formed, that allow the disease to spread to neighbouring plants. The zoospores disperse

• Loose smut of barley

  and swollen as a dormant survival structure. Infection mostly occurs before pollination and within one to two days after pollination. How to prevent Loose [...] first sign of infection is the appearance of a smutted ear. Instead of normal tissue, the ear contains a mass of olive-brown smut spores. Life cycle and [...] formed on systemically infected seeds then infect neighbouring new seeds. They germinate within a day and infect the inner tissues of the newly infected seed

• Loose smut of wheat

  and swollen as a dormant survival structure. Infection mostly occurs before pollination and within one to two days after pollination. How to prevent Loose [...] first sign of infection is the appearance of a smutted ear. Instead of normal tissue, the ear contains a mass of olive-brown smut spores. Life cycle and [...] formed on systemically infected seeds then infect neighbouring new seeds. They germinate within a day and infect the inner tissues of the newly infected seed

• Bacterial wilt, brown rot

  solanacearum is a plant pathogenic bacterium. It is a soil-borne disease and colonises the xylem, causing bacterial wilt and brown rot in a very wide range [...] conditions are more favourable. This makes it more difficult to recognize infected fields. How to prevent Bacterial wilt, brown rot Use disease free propagation [...] the way to distinguish it from Verticillium or Fusarium wilts. Life cycle and appearance of Bacterial wilt, brown rot Ralstonia solanacearum is a quarantine