Bacterial spot

development is favoured by temperatures between 24 and 30 °C and high precipitation due to rain, fog or overhead irrigation. Infection is through stomata [...] General Xanthomonas vesicatoria is a bacterium that causes bacterial leaf spot on peppers and tomatoes. Damage symptoms Xanthomonas vesicatoria in tomato [...] grow into brown spots that look like scab. These spots may be surrounded by a halo. In pepper, the spots on the leaves are also round and small to start

Leaf stripe

graminea is monocyclic, which means there is only one disease cycle during the cropping season. The fungus is seed-borne and this systemic infection is the [...] General Pyrenophora graminea is a disease of Barley that causes significant yield losses. Damage symptoms Symptoms first occur on the first, second and [...] humidity is high and wind-dispersed to neighbouring ears where they can infect seeds at any stage up until soft dough stage. Infection occurs between 10 and

Dwarf bunt

General Tilletia controversa is a plant pathogen. It is a fungus known to cause the smut disease TCK smut in soft white and hard red winter wheats, as [...] on all spikelets, showing the bunt (smut spore) they contain, which is larger than a normal kernel. The bunt balls are grey-brown. They rupture at harvest [...] healthy kernels, which in turn become a source of disease in the next season. The optimum temperature for germination is 3-8 °C and it takes three to ten weeks

Anagyrus vladimiri

Anagyrus vladimiri is a parasitic wasp belonging to the Encyrtidae family. This parasitic wasp is particularly effective for mealybug control, a common pest affecting [...] the mummy. Anagyrus vladimiri has a strong photokinetic response, i.e. the female is strongly attracted to light and is inactive in darkness. [...] How to use Anagyrus vladimiri The parasitic wasp Anagyrus vladimir is available in a bottle ( Citripar ). Remove the label from the bottle according to

Apple collar rot

General Phytophthora cactorum is a plant pathogen that causes root rot, rhizome rot of strawberry, apple rot, apple collar rot and crown rot. It has an [...] speaking not fungi. They thrive at soil temperatures between 15 and 23 °C and higher water content than is optimal for crop growth. Phytophthora overwinters [...] s containing sporangia, a type of spores) with sporangia are formed, that protrude through the stomata. Secondary infection is either by germinating sporangia

Cryptobug

Cryptobug is 16°C/61°F. However, as Cryptolaemus montrouzieri favors high temperatures, Cryptobug is most effective at temperatures between 25°C and 28°C [...] be made in infested areas only and repeated if necessary. Consult a Koppert advisor or a recognized distributor of Koppert products for advice on the best [...] Application Deploy Cryptobug on rock wool slabs or in Diboxes close to or at a hotspot Apply in the evening Dosage The dosage of Cryptobug depends on climate

Blight of pepper

speaking not fungi. They thrive at soil temperatures between 15 and 23 °C and higher water content than is optimal for crop growth. Phytophthora overwinters [...] s containing sporangia, a type of spores) with sporangia are formed that protrude through the stomata. Secondary infection is either by germinating sporangia [...] sporangia. For germination on above-ground plant parts, leaf wetness is required. Dispersal is by wind and rain causes the pathogen to be returned to the soil

Phytophthora blight

borders and white fluffy fungal growth on the leaves. The centre is grey-brown with a light-green edge. On the stem, elongated brown lesions occur, usually [...] speaking not fungi. They thrive at soil temperatures between 15 and 23 °C and higher water content than is optimal for crop growth. Phytophthora overwinters [...] s containing sporangia, a type of spores) with sporangia are formed that protrude through the stomata. Secondary infection is either by germinating sporangia

Gummy stem blight

greenhouse Choose a cultivar that is less susceptible to internal fruit rot Use clean propagation material During cropping and between consecutive cucumber [...] General Mycosphaerella cucumis (Didymella bryoniae) is a fungal plant pathogen that causes gummy stem blight. Damage symptoms Mycosphaerella cucumis in [...] round and extending lesions may occur. In cucumber, the most important symptom is internal fruit rot, which can only be recognized from the outside by the small

Bugs

Hemiptera Bugs What are bugs? Heteropteran bugs form a group in the order Hemiptera , a highly diverse group of insects, containing both harmful and beneficial [...] wings overlap each other exposing the scutellum, a prominent triangular region of the thorax between the wing bases. This distinguishes them from beetles [...] holes. The most obvious damage is the deformation of growing points. They also cause tissue damage and deformed growth as a result of toxic substances that