Thrips

thrips ( Frankliniella occidentalis ) is the most damaging species. Thrips form the order Thysanoptera, a name that literally means ‘fringed wings’, and

Oleander aphid

females (alata) are yellow and black with dark wing veins while the wingless forms (apterae) are yellow with black cornicles, antennae, legs, and cauda (tip

Codling moth

common in Europe. Damage symptoms After invading the fruit, the larvae first form a small cavity just under the skin. The entry hole can be seen and is usually

Caterpillars

Caterpillars are the larvae of butterflies and moths. Butterflies and moths form the order Lepidoptera, a very large group with more than 150,000 species

Red palm weevil

solid elongated cocoon made of rolled-up palm fibres. After the cocoon is formed the larva enters a pre-pupal stage, its body contracts and it does not crawl

Woolly apple aphid

woolly aphid depends entirely on wingless, parthenogenetic and viviparous forms. Sometimes a few wingless egg-laying females are produced in autumn but their

Biological seed treatment

algae extracts. Biological substances are applied to the seed in a powder form or as a liquid. An even layer covers the whole seed. In this way, the beneficial

Tomato leafminer

leaving the epidermis intact. Fruits can be attacked as soon as they are formed but the larvae only feed on green fruits. In case of serious infection,

Leaf miners

leaf miners? Leaf miners belong to the order Diptera (the true flies ) and form the family Agromyzidae. This is a family of small flies whose larvae tunnel

Powdery mildew

plant surface. On the mycelium on the plant surface, new conidiophores are formed, structures which contain new spores, the conidia. These conidiophores are