• Diamond back moth

  like those of the males. The back is marked with a broad cream or light brown band along the back, which is sometimes constricted to form one or more l [...] regions. Damage symptoms The caterpillar is a surface feeder. They feed from the lower leaf surface, leaving the wax layer on the upper surface intact, thereby [...] may occur in the florets. Initially, the pupa is pinkish-white to pinkish-yellow and changes to brown before adult emergence. The adult of the diamond back

• Loose smut of barley

  survives inside the seed and when the seed germinates, the mycelium of the fungus grows upwards inside the plant into the growing tip and the seed primordia. It [...] smut of barley The seeds are infected during flowering and the infected seeds are the primary source of inoculum in the next crop. The fungus survives [...] invisible until head emergence. The first sign of infection is the appearance of a smutted ear. Instead of normal tissue, the ear contains a mass of olive-brown

• Downy mildew of Cucurbits

  around 15 o C and the closer the temperature is to this, the shorter the leaf wetness period that is required. Inside the plant, the pathogens produce haustoria [...] through the stomata or directly by penetrating the cuticula. For germination free water is required. For most downy mildews, the optimum temperature is around [...] brown. On the underside of the leave fluffy growth appears which is first white and later turns grey-brown. This is actually the sporulation of the pathogens

• Leaf stripe

  Eventually this leads to the death of the leaf. The leaf splits at the end which makes it look shredded. This is typical for this disease. Infected plants [...] graminea is monocyclic, which means there is only one disease cycle during the cropping season. The fungus is seed-borne and this systemic infection is the [...] primary infection. The fungus spreads from the seed into the seedling. Conidia are produced on the infected leaves when humidity is high and wind-dispersed

• Green peach aphid

  As a result, the plant’s growth is retarded giving rise to deformed leaves or, if the infestation occurs early enough in the season, the death of young [...] and rendering them unsuitable for market. At the same time, photosynthesis in the leaves is reduced, affecting production. The aphid’s saliva can induce strong [...] greenhouse crops. The aphid may originate from Asia, where its winter-hardy host plant, the peach tree, is native, however it is now a pest with a world-wide

• Fusarium wilt

  Fusarium oxysporum is the only Fusarium that actually grows inside the vessel system of the host plant and spreads upwards inside the plants. The other species [...] Fusarium oxysporum is the species causing vascular wilt. First the leaves turn yellow and wilt, mostly on one side of the plant. Finally, the whole plant wilts [...] water in greenhouses Prevent stress for the plants Ensure there is adequate soil drainage Apply nitrogen in the form of nitrate instead of ammonium Prevent

• American serpentine leaf miner

  roughly one hour the larva crawls out of the leaf and falls to the ground. This occurs in the early morning. The larva crawls into the ground to pupate [...] ochre-yellow. When the larva hatches from the egg, it begins to eat into the leaf at once, tunnelling down into the mesophyll tissue where damage is caused by extensive [...] and potato. In greenhouses, it is mainly found on gerbera and chrysanthemum. Today the insect is widespread across the whole world. Damage symptoms Leaf

• Pea blight, leaf and pod spot

  surrounded by a dark brown to red-brown border. The first infection is often on the primary leaves. The fungus is seed borne and thus also causes post- and [...] transmitted on the outside of the seed coat and cause primary infection. The conidia germinate and infect through the stomata or directly through the cuticle [...] on leaves, stems and pods of peas. The spots on leaves and pods are round, on the stems they are more elongated. The lesions are light brown, sunken and

• Fusarium head blight or scab

  density. The foot of the plant is infected, either because the seedling was infected or by direct infection of the foot by overwintering inoculum. On the infected [...] water in greenhouses Prevent stress for the plants Ensure there is adequate soil drainage Apply nitrogen in the form of nitrate instead of ammonium Prevent [...] machinery. Primary infection is either seed-borne or takes place as infection of the roots at the root tip or in small wounds, for example where lateral roots

• Veni GoKlean

  spray), 2-3 ml (for drench), 5 ml (for tuber/rhizome/plant material treatment) of Veni GoKlean in 1 L of water and apply on the target area. Veni GoKlean can [...] microbial bio pesticides and bio fertilizers. Shelf life It is stable for a period of 24 months from the date of manufacturing. [...] Veni GoKlean? Useful for pre-sowing soil disinfection. Disinfection of Fungi, Bacteria and Virus on plants and post harvesting. It is helpful in extending