• Angular leaf spot

  of infection in the spring. The bacteria are also introduced in a crop in new transplants. This bacterium is very resistant to desiccation and can survive

• Blight of pepper

  zoospores. The pathogen grows into the stem and on the plant surface and new sporangiophores (structures containing sporangia, a type of spores) with sporangia

• A dive into organic hop farming and biological crop protection

  This transition required Lukas to question traditional approaches, learn new techniques, and conduct numerous tests, highlighting the dynamic nature of

• Tea spider mite

  of 28 days in colder weather. Tea spider mites completes 22 life cycle per year.

• Wheat bunt

  to prevent Wheat bunt Use resistant cultivars. However, the fungi may form new isolates that can break resistance Use clean, disinfected seed The use of

• Apple collar rot

  zoospores. The pathogen grows into the stem and on the plant surface and new sporangiophores (structures containing sporangia, a type of spores) with sporangia

• Bactosan

  - 3 days before flowering. Bactosan trapping system can be used to detect new infestations of fruit flies as well as for monitoring insect populations.

• Phytophthora blight

  zoospores. The pathogen grows into the stem and on the plant surface and new sporangiophores (structures containing sporangia, a type of spores) with sporangia

• Fusarium head blight or scab

  Fusarium specieshave a similar life cycle. Fusarium overwinters for many years in the soil and on crop residues of infected plants as chlamydospores (thick

• Black root rot of cucurbits

  Phomopsis sclerotioides forms sclerotia which can survive adverse conditions for years in the soil, but little else is known about the life cycle. The fungus is