Root and crown rot of strawberry

New diseases in strawberry have been ascribed to Pestalotiopsis clavispora in the case of root and crown rot (of strawberry), first found in The Netherlands [...] and conidia, but their role in the epidemic has not yet been established. Pestalotiopsis clavispora is mostly found in plants that have been weakened [...] water levels in rootzone Avoid overhead irrigation, since it seems to increase disease development Provide balanced nutrition Avoid damage to the plants

Aphidius colemani

offspring for two more days, but if an aphid is parasitized in a younger stage there will be no reproduction. A male wasp has slightly longer antennae, a rounded [...] the aphid cuticle, causing it to swell. The cuticle turns from a hard, leathery brown to a golden yellow casing, known as a mummy. Parasitized aphids turn [...] colemani is a parasitic wasp used for biological pest control . This species belongs to the Braconidae family and is primarily known for its effectiveness

Corn earworm

total period of two to three weeks, developing a greyish colour and a black cephalic capsule in the first stage, but later adopting a variety of colours such [...] the ground to bury itself around 10-12 cm deep. This prepupal stage takes one to two days. It then pupates for ten to fourteen days, or three to five months [...] months in areas with very cold winters. The pupae measure around 18 mm and have a slightly shiny brown colour. The adults have a brown-coloured body, with

Phytoseiulus persimilis

adult, except for the resting period in the larval and nymphal stages. On plants, the oval eggs are usually deposited close to, or in a spider mite colony [...] Protonymphs and deutonymphs are similar to the adults in appearance, but smaller in size. Best conditions for use of Phytoseiulus persimilis Phytoseiulus [...] Consult a Koppert advisor or a recognized distributor of Koppert products for advice on the best strategy for your situation. Phytoseiulus persimilis in sachets

Pollination checklist tomato

brown within one to four hours and make it possible to check the bumblebees' work. A single visit results in the transfer of enough pollen for pollination. [...] takes place once a flower has been pollinated. The flower needs to have been pollinated before it closes. Depending on the conditions, a flower will remain [...] flowers. Bumblebees maintain a constant temperature in the hive. If the temperature to which they are exposed is too high for a lengthy period, the hive and

Downy mildew of Cucurbits

cuticula. For germination free water is required. For most downy mildews, the optimum temperature is around 15 o C and the closer the temperature is to this [...] pathogens continue to grow inside the leaves and after a while new spore-bearing structures are protruding from the stomata. Because there are more stomata [...] symptoms are found. How to prevent Downey mildew Choose resistant cultivars Use a wide crop rotation with non-host crops Prevent a humid microclimate. Achieve

Crop Protection

benefits. Lower risk to human health Biological crop protection poses minimum to no risks to growers and consumers. It reduces exposure to toxic chemicals, [...] and biodiversity contribute to a more resilient plant, maximizing your yield. Prepared for the future By adopting biocontrol in advance of chemical bans, [...] crop protection, often referred to as biocontrol, is a natural and sustainable approach to managing pests and diseases in agriculture. Instead of relying

Root rot of carrot

circular to irregular spots on the leaves that vary in colour from grey to almost black. The spots appear to be sharply defined, but under a magnifying [...] buried in nonsterile soil remained viable at 0°C and 3°C for 12 months, at 6°C for 6 months, and at 12°C for 2 months, indicating a capacity to overwinter [...] features hence is not easy to place it at the generic level. Årsvoll was the first to identify and describe the fungus in Norway, in 1965. An infection can

American serpentine leaf miner

cosmetic damage. In tropical and subtropical areas this can lead to burning in fruit such as tomato and melon. Loss of leaves also reduces yield. In full-grown [...] way outwards from its egg, so that its mines join to form small plates. In various other crops one finds intermediate forms of tunnelling between these ‘plate [...] larva cuts a sickle-shaped exit hole in the leaf with its mouth parts. After roughly one hour the larva crawls out of the leaf and falls to the ground

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