Powdery mildew

nutrients from the epidermal layer of plant cells. Most of the fungus remains on the outside of the plant surface. On the mycelium on the plant surface [...] leaf, because the fungus infects the plant by entering through the stomata and there are more stomata on the underside of the leaf. On the upper side, yellow [...] side of the leaf. In severe epidemics in cereals, the ears may also be infected. In pepper, the fluffy colonies occur mostly on the underside of the leaf

Grape downy mildew

humidity), the disease is often well-established before it can be visually detected in the field. Leaf symptoms Yellowish to light-green oil spots on the upper [...] Grape downy mildew Effective management of grape downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) relies on a preventive and integrated approach. Since the pathogen remains [...] mesophyll cells. The latent period (the time from infection to visible symptoms) ranges from 4 to 21 days, depending on temperature; the most rapid development

Grapevine powdery mildew

Grapevine powdery mildew Symptoms of grapevine powdery mildew vary according to the phenological growth stage and the severity of the infection. Early signs [...] to yellowish spots on the upper leaf surface Development of white to grey, powdery fungal growth Powdery coating may also appear on the underside of leaves [...] Lifecycle of Grapevine powdery mildew The lifecycle of grapevine powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) is closely synchronized with the vine growth stages and e

Downy mildew of Cucurbits

They cause lesions on the upper leaf surface, bordered by the veins, which are first yellow and then turn brown. On the underside of the leave fluffy growth [...] required. For most downy mildews, the optimum temperature is around 15 o C and the closer the temperature is to this, the shorter the leaf wetness period that [...] actually the sporulation of the pathogens extruding from the stomata. Life cycle and appearance of Downy mildew Pathogens causing downy mildew are not fungi

Amazone Plants continues the path of organic cultivation

products. After all, chemicals put so much strain on the safety of the employees, on the crops, and on the local environment. It has never been a favourite [...] complex. The plants in the propagation phase enter the processing hall every nine weeks. During the nine week period that the plants are in the greenhouse [...] During the initial few years, the anthurium company owned by Lex Scheffers and Fred van Zijl did not immediately have the wind at its back but the business

The journey of sustainable citrus farming in agriculture

have not only proven to be successful but also reduced the reliance on chemical pesticides. The path to environmental friendly farming Dedicated to sustainable [...] Faced with different pests, he sought alternative solutions, leading to the adoption of biological control methods. He has been actively controlling mealybugs [...] yield healthier, higher-quality fruits while minimizing environmental impact. The future of sustainable agriculture Balbino's journey reflects a broader shift

Bacterial spot

halo. In pepper, the spots on the leaves are also round and small to start with and slightly raised from the leaf surface. They occur on the abaxial (underside [...] as they grow. The centre of the lesions may fall out as they become drier. Under humid conditions, the spots may merge with lesions on the petioles and [...] powdery mildew infection, pepper plants shed the leaves that are severely infected. Humid conditions are conducive for lesion expansion. On the stems, long

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Koppert One

app Understand the impact of pesticides on beneficial organisms and pollinators Pesticides can have both direct and indirect effects on natural enemies [...] strategies. Go to web app Ask the Digital Assistant Koppert One Side Effects offers two convenient ways to access information: use the app's standard search feature [...] enemies and pollinators. Our Side Effects app precisely evaluates the harmfulness of various pesticides, considering both direct impacts like mortality or hindered

Pollination checklist outdoor

it in the shadow of the crop. Ensure that the underside of the hive is kept dry. Keep the hive entrance visible for humans and bumblebees during the flowering [...] around the area to be pollinated. Protect the hive against strong winds. Position the hive in a sheltered spot, or weigh down the hive. Position the hive [...] days before flowering begins. Once the flowers open, the bumblebees will start pollinating. Position the hive in the crop immediately after delivery, or