• Treatment of bumblebee stings and allergies

  larger than honeybees, and hairier than wasps. Only bumblebee workers and queens have a stinger, as is the case with honeybees and wasps. Drones cannot sting [...] Level 3 - level 1 and/or 2 symptoms plus difficulties in breathing and/or a feeling of suffocating Level 4 - level 1 and/or 2 and/or 3 symptoms plus heart [...] or (such as an EpiPen or Jext) from your doctor. This can be carried with you and is used to inject epinephrine into the thigh in the case of a sting.

• Mealybugs and scales

  quality and overall yield. Effective control of mealybugs and scales is essential to maintain healthy and marketable crops. Biological control of mealybugs [...] first sign of the presence of this type of pest. Among ornamental crops, ferns are particularly sensitive to soft scales, as are oleanders and orchids. Armoured [...] in ornamental and fruit crops and loss of value. Armoured scales do not produce honeydew. The concealed habit and the protective covering of these insects

• Spider mites and other mites

  yellow, and as more cell sap is removed, the leaf, and eventually the whole plant may die. The nymphs and adults also produce webs, and plants can be completely [...] control of spider mites and other mites Spider mites and other mite species can rapidly infest greenhouse and field crops, feeding on plant cells and causing [...] underside of leaves where they pierce the cells and suck out the contents. The empty dead cells become yellow, and in many plants the damage can also be

• Blight of pepper

  roots die and brown-black lesions occur on the larger roots. Plants wilt and the crown leaves drop off. Life cycle and appearance of Blight of pepper P [...] General Phytophthora capsici is an oomycete plant pathogen that causes blight and fruit rot of peppers and other important commercial crops. Damage symptoms [...] root rot, seedling damping off and rot of stems, bulbs, tubers, leaves and fruits. Several Phytophthora species cause root- and crown rot in potted plants

• Wheat bunt

  common name stinking bunt. Life cycle and appearance of Wheat bunt Tilletia tritici and Tilletia laevis survive as teliospores in the soil or on seed. These [...] General Tilletia tritici and Tilletia laevis only differ in one gene and easily hybridize. There is debate whether they should indeed be considered separate [...] same symptoms. Tilletia tritici and Tilletia laevis cause diseases such as common wheat bunt, stinking smut, karnal bunt of wheat. Damage symptoms Plantsinfected

• Chula Brand is a pioneer in biological pest control in papaya

  Brand is a company with more than 20 years of experience in the production and distribution of papaya and other tropical fruits such as pineapple and lime [...] mission as a producer company, to improve and care for the health of the crop, its workers and the final consumer, who now can enjoy a product that is completely [...] Brand and Koppert: a successful collaboration To reduce the burden of acaricides and other chemical pesticides, and consequently produce safer and better

• Root rot of carrot

  hosts and transfer to annual crops. As far as is known, Daucus carota (carrot) is the only host plant of the fungus. How to prevent root rot of carrot [...] lesions of various shapes. The lesions can merge and eventually cover the entire surface of the carrot. The affected areas are firm, shallow, and clearly [...] spots Life cycle and appearance of Root rot of carrots The fungus of R. carotae has delicate, simple morphological features hence is not easy to place

• Downy mildew of Cucurbits

  appears which is first white and later turns grey-brown. This is actually the sporulation of the pathogens extruding from the stomata. Life cycle and appearance [...] appearance of Downy mildew Pathogens causing downy mildew are not fungi but Oomycetes and related to Pythium and Phytophthora. They survive as oospores. From [...] the optimum temperature is around 15 o C and the closer the temperature is to this, the shorter the leaf wetness period that is required. Inside the plant

• Black rot of carrots

  main source of primary infection and this may lead to death of seedlings. From the primary infection of leaves, this type of carrot disease can spread to [...] species is the asexual stage. Conidia and mycelium overwinter in the soil and on crop residues and cause primary infection of the leaves. Survival can be several [...] in specific symptoms. Life cycle and appearance of Black rot of carrots Black rot of carrots ( Alternaria radicina ) is a seed-transferred carrot disease

• Pumpkin, squash and gourd

  Wild fruit species can be as small as 4 centimetres (1.6 inch) and some commercial specimens can weigh more than 300 kilograms (660 lbs). [...] Andes region and Mesoamerica. Currently, five species are cultivated for their edible fruit and seeds. This fruit is alternately known as pumpkin, squash [...] depends on species, variety and local jargon. The fruits of the Cucurbita species are usually large and fleshy, but their size can vary substantially. Wild