Bacterial canker of tomato

Life cycle and appearance of Bacterial canker of tomato Clavibacter is seed-borne and tuber-borne and primary infection is mostly from infected propagation [...] only occurs in the second half of the season. The first symptoms are wilting of the lower leaves and subsequent expansion of the wilt upwards. Cutting the [...] shows whitish ooze with bacteria in the case of C lavibacter infection, but other than that the disease is difficult to distinguish from wilting caused

Fusarium head blight or scab

General Fusarium is a group of soil-borne fungi with many different species. Fusarium is widespread and can infect a range of host crops. Many species [...] Prevent stress for the plants Ensure there is adequate soil drainage Apply nitrogen in the form of nitrate instead of ammonium Prevent damage during harvest [...] the soil and on crop residues of infected plants as chlamydospores (thick walled mycelium cells) or mycelium. Survival is also possible on seed, greenhouse

Blight of pepper

rapidly when the water content of the soil or substrate is higher than normal or optimal for crop growth. How to prevent Blight of pepper Apply hygiene measures [...] General Phytophthora capsici is an oomycete plant pathogen that causes blight and fruit rot of peppers and other important commercial crops. Damage symptoms [...] Plants wilt and the crown leaves drop off. Life cycle and appearance of Blight of pepper Phytophthora species are very destructive organisms belonging

Phytophthora blight

sp. infestans) is also known as Phytophthora blight, tomato blight, early / late blight tomato, potato blight and late / early blight of potato. Damage [...] a period of mass starvation caused by this disease which ravaged potato crops throughout Europe during the 1840s. Life cycle and appearance of Phytophthora [...] enable them to move through water. Infection is usually from the root to the foot, but direct infection of the foot also occurs. Exudates leaking from growing

Downy mildew of Cucurbits

On the underside of the leave fluffy growth appears which is first white and later turns grey-brown. This is actually the sporulation of the pathogens extruding [...] germination free water is required. For most downy mildews, the optimum temperature is around 15 o C and the closer the temperature is to this, the shorter [...] from the stomata. Because there are more stomata on the underside of the leaf, this is where most fluffy symptoms are found. How to prevent Downey mildew

Dwarf bunt

General Tilletia controversa is a plant pathogen. It is a fungus known to cause the smut disease TCK smut in soft white and hard red winter wheats, as [...] appearance of Dwarf bunt Tilletia controversa survives as teliospores in the soil or on seed. The soil-borne teliospores are the main source of primary infection [...] ten years. Seed-borne transmission does occur, but is less important from an epidemiological point of view. The teliospores germinate in response to moisture

Black rot of carrots

appearance of Black rot of carrots Black rot of carrots ( Alternaria radicina ) is a seed-transferred carrot disease. The seeds are the main source of primary [...] case of black rot of carrots ( Alternaria radicina ) up to 8 years. Damage symptoms Black rot of carrots ( Alternaria radicina ) causes death of seedlings [...] primary infection and this may lead to death of seedlings. From the primary infection of leaves, this type of carrot disease can spread to the flowers (especially

Bacterial soft rot, bacterial stem rot

Stem rot is first noticed when plants wilt at the time of first harvest or after that. The pith disintegrates and the stem becomes hollow. Because of the bacterial [...] subsp. carotovora has recently been renamed Pectobacterium carotovora . It is one of the pectolytic bacteria causing extensive bacterial rots (bacterial soft [...] cycle and appearance of Bacterial soft rot, bacterial stem rot Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora or Pectobacterium carovora is very common, but does

Loose smut of wheat

emergence. The first sign of infection is the appearance of a smutted ear. Instead of normal tissue, the ear contains a mass of olive-brown smut spores. [...] f.sp. tritici) Loose smut of wheat General Ustilago nuda f.sp. tritici is a basidiomyceteous fungus that affects wheat. It is also known as loose wheat [...] wheat smut, or loose smut of wheat. Life cycle and appearance of Loose smut of wheat The seeds are infected during flowering and the infected seeds are the

Crazy roots, hairy roots, crown gall

appearance of Crazy roots, hairy roots, crown gall The primary source of infection by Rhizobium rhizogenes has not yet been defined. The assumption is that the [...] Agrobacterium rhizogenes and Agrobacterium rubi, n ow the first part of the name is changed to Rhizobium. Rhizobium rhizogenes or Rhizobium radiobacter [...] the bacteria survive in the soil, but it is possible that first infection is from the propagation material. Infection also takes place via wounds. After