Tropicals

of ‘Tropical Plants’, are plants that grow naturally in a tropical climate. Tropical plant is a typical north American term, whereas in other countries [...] countries this group of plants is often referred to as ‘Green Potted Plants’. In colder climates north of the equator, tropical plants are often grown as houseplants [...] Tropical plants also come in both blooming and foliage plants. Bromeliads, palms, and orchids are considered tropical plants. Contrary to what most people

Pomegranate wilt complex

Symptoms Affected plants show yellowing in some branches or twigs followed by drooping and drying of leaves and branches. The entire tree dies in few months. [...] vascular discoloured bands in the stem and roots. Disease cycle The fungus survives for more than 7 years in infected plant debris and soil. The pathogen [...] pathogen spreads through planting material, root grafts, soil, irrigation, rain, flood, insects, farm machinery and intercultural operations. Management Mix

Fusarium head blight or scab

Use clean substrate in greenhouse crops Disinfect tools, machinery and irrigation water in greenhouses Prevent stress for the plants Ensure there is adequate [...] stressed host plants. Damage symptoms Fusarium fungi cause vascular wilt, root rot, foot and stem rot, leaf lesions, fruit rot, fusarium head blight in cereals [...] Some also produce ascospores. In general, most Fusarium specieshave a similar life cycle. Fusarium overwinters for many years in the soil and on crop residues

Wheat bunt

kernels, which in turn become a source of disease in the next season. Infection is strongly correlated to temperature and precipitation in the first 11 days [...] Tilletia laevis are hard to distinguish from infected plants before head emergence, although affected plants may be slightly stunted. Infected (bunted) heads [...] tritici and Tilletia laevis survive as teliospores in the soil or on seed. These teliospores germinate in response to moisture and form basidiospores, also

Downy mildew of Cucurbits

structures in which zoospores are produced. However, in downy mildews, sporangia often germinate directly and the germ tubes infect the plants either through [...] climate in greenhouses. Use hygiene measures. Start clean, remove crop residues and prevent splashing water. Prevent plant diseases by optimizing plant potential [...] required. Inside the plant, the pathogens produce haustoria, small organs with which the pathogen can take up nutrients from the living plant cells. The pathogens

Phytophthora blight

optimal for crop growth. Phytophthora overwinters in roots, infected tubers and bulbs or in the soil in different stages: as oospores (sexual overwintering [...] germinating sporangia or by zoospores produced in the sporangia. For germination on above-ground plant parts, leaf wetness is required. Dispersal is by [...] rain causes the pathogen to be returned to the soil from infected plants. Dispersal in the soil happens via water, since the zoospores can readily move

Tomato

The tomato plant ( Solanum lycopersicum) belongs to the nightshade family of Solanaceae . The tomato is the edible fruit of this plant. The plant is native [...] so-called ‘tender’ or ‘half-hardy’ perennials. The plants die every year in temperate climate, but in greenhouses they can sometimes sustain up to three [...] highlands. Tomato plants usually grow to a height of between 1-3 metres (or 3-10 feet). Their stem is not so strong, so if not supported (like in a greenhouse)

Cut flowers

of herbaceous flowering plants. Most lilies originate from temperate areas in the northern hemisphere, but they also occur in the northern subtropics. [...] has its origins in Asia and North and South America. Some species have developed into large trees, others into small compact shrubs. In recent decades, [...] Hydrangea has been grown as a cut flower in all sorts of colors and sizes. Hippeastrum is the Latin name for a bulbous plant that originates from Central and South

Grape powdery mildew

and conidia. Dormant mycelium and conidia in infected shoots and buds spread through air from plant to plant. Warm temperature with enough humidity and [...] mildew Symptoms Whitish powdery patches on the affected plant parts. All the above ground plant parts are susceptible to infection. Powdery growth on both

Early blight

avoid conditions conducive to infection. In greenhouses: avoid high RH. Prevent plant diseases by optimizing plant potential and crop resilience. [...] General The only known stage in all Alternaria species is the asexual stage. Conidia and mycelium overwinter in the soil and on crop residues and cause [...] 90% or when the leaves are wet. Small differences in optimum temperature occur between species, but in general the risk of Alternaria infection is larger