• Dwarf bunt

  spikelets, showing the bunt (smut spore) they contain, which is larger than a normal kernel. The bunt balls are grey-brown. They rupture at harvest and release [...] name stinking bunt. Additionally, plants only reach a fraction of their normal height. Spikes are generally broader and the glumes opened wider, than in

• Loose smut of barley

  The first sign of infection is the appearance of a smutted ear. Instead of normal tissue, the ear contains a mass of olive-brown smut spores. Life cycle and

• Loose smut of wheat

  The first sign of infection is the appearance of a smutted ear. Instead of normal tissue, the ear contains a mass of olive-brown smut spores. Life cycle and

• Bacterial soft rot, bacterial stem rot

  and slimy. Above or below the hollow stem the vascular tissue keeps its normal colour. On the fruits, lesions first are small and sunken, water-soaked

• Oleander aphid

  at the top of the plant. Nymphs progress through five nymphal instars. Normally apterous (wingless) adults are produced but winged adults occur under

• Blight of pepper

  more rapidly when the water content of the soil or substrate is higher than normal or optimal for crop growth. How to prevent Blight of pepper Apply hygiene

• Pierce's disease of grapevine

  occur in citrus, there is no difference between infected and healthy trees. Normal fruit abortion does not happen so total production remains similar, with [...] more smaller fruits in infected trees. The infected trees grow slower than normal and look stunted. Twigs and branches die and the foliage becomes thinner

• Cotton bollworm

  just before the larvae emerge. The cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) normally goes through six larval stages, although under certain circumstances five

• Wheat bunt

  spikelets, showing the bunt (smut spore) they contain, which is larger than a normal kernel. The bunt balls are grey-brown. They rupture at harvest and release

• Apple collar rot

  more rapidly when the water content of the soil or substrate is higher than normal or optimal for crop growth. How to prevent Apple collar rot Apply hygiene