American origin, but is these days distributed throughout the world. It is a highly polyphagous species with a preference for Solanaceae (particularly…
usually dark green to black, while aphids produced in overcrowded colonies at a high temperature can be much smaller (from 0.9 mm), and yellow or…
can make the bumblebees restless. Protect the bumblebee hive against very high temperatures resulting from direct sunlight, particularly in warm…
Prevent over-irrigating and be careful with overhead irrigation since both a high water content of the soil and water splash promote disease. Ensure…
reduce the spider mite population by predation. Phytoseiulus persimilis is highly specific and is only effective against spider mites that produce a…
about 1976. The American serpentine leaf miner ( Liriomyza trifolii ) is highly polyphagous and thus lives on many host plants such as chrysanthemum,…
for growth, and thus consume a large quantity of plant sap. This contains a high proportion of sugar, and the excess is excreted as honeydew, with…
by irrigation water. Disease incidence is highest when soil moisture is high, such as during rainy periods. When temperature is low, infection may…
considered to be the most universally distributed lepidopteran species. It is highly migratory and wind-borne adults can travel long distances to…
In general, the development rate of the epidemic is fastest at 18-25 °C. High relative humidity (RH) promotes germination of spores but inhibits spore
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